योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-14, verse-45

इदानीं भवता ज्ञातं यथाभूतमरिंदम ।
संकल्पाद्वर्धते चित्तं तदेवाशु परित्यज ॥ ४५ ॥

idānīṃ bhavatā jñātaṃ yathābhūtamariṃdama ,
saṃkalpādvardhate cittaṃ tadevāśu parityaja 45

45. idānīm bhavatā jñātam yathābhūtam arindama
saṃkalpāt vardhate cittam tat eva āśu parityaja

45. arindama idānīm bhavatā yathābhūtam jñātam
cittam saṃkalpāt vardhate tat eva āśu parityaja

45. Now, O vanquisher of foes, you have understood the truth. The mind (citta) grows from desires (saṃkalpa); therefore, quickly abandon that [desire].

Words meanings summery:

• इदानीम् (idānīm) - referring to the current moment of understanding (now, at this time, at present)

• भवता (bhavatā) - indicating the agent of knowledge, you (Rāma) (by you (honorific))

• ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - the truth has been realized or grasped (known, understood)

• यथाभूतम् (yathābhūtam) - the nature of reality as it actually exists, without delusion (as it really is, truly, the truth)

• अरिन्दम (arindama) - an address to Rāma, known for his prowess in overcoming adversaries (O vanquisher of foes, O subduer of enemies)

• संकल्पात् (saṁkalpāt) - the mind's growth originates from its internal resolutions or desires (from resolve, from intention, from desire)

• वर्धते (vardhate) - the mind expands or strengthens due to desires (grows, increases, flourishes)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the thinking faculty, which is subject to growth by desires (mind, consciousness, thought)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the 'saṃkalpa' (desire) that causes the mind's growth (that, it)

• एव (eva) - emphasizing that precisely that desire should be abandoned (only, just, indeed, precisely)

• आशु (āśu) - without delay, with urgency (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• परित्यज (parityaja) - the imperative instruction to relinquish desires (abandon, give up, renounce)

Words meanings and morphology

इदानीम् (idānīm) - referring to the current moment of understanding (now, at this time, at present)

(indeclinable)

भवता (bhavatā) - indicating the agent of knowledge, you (Rāma) (by you (honorific))

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of bhavat

bhavat - you (honorific), your honor

A polite pronoun derived from the present participle of 'bhū' (to be).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used in passive construction 'by you, it has been known'.

ज्ञातम् (jñātam) - the truth has been realized or grasped (known, understood)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāta

jñāta - known, understood, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'jñā' (to know) with the 'kta' (past passive participle) suffix.

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Agrees with 'yathābhūtam' (as a substantive).

यथाभूतम् (yathābhūtam) - the nature of reality as it actually exists, without delusion (as it really is, truly, the truth)

(indeclinable)

An indeclinable compound 'yathā' (as) + 'bhūta' (become, past participle of bhū). Used adverbially or as a neuter noun.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+bhūta)

• yathā – as, according as, in what manner
  indeclinable
• bhūta – become, existed, happened, past
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from the root 'bhū' (to be, to become) with the 'kta' (past passive participle) suffix.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Used here as a neuter nominative singular substantive, 'the truth'.

अरिन्दम (arindama) - an address to Rāma, known for his prowess in overcoming adversaries (O vanquisher of foes, O subduer of enemies)

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of arindama

arindama - vanquisher of foes, subduer of enemies

A tatpuruṣa compound: 'ari' (enemy) + 'dama' (subduer, from root dam, to subdue).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ari+dama)

• ari – enemy, foe, adversary
  noun (masculine)
• dama – subduing, taming, controlling; a subduer
  noun (masculine)
  From the root 'dam' (to tame, subdue).
  Root: dam (class 1)

संकल्पात् (saṁkalpāt) - the mind's growth originates from its internal resolutions or desires (from resolve, from intention, from desire)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of saṃkalpa

saṁkalpa - resolve, intention, will, desire, mental conception, determination

From root 'kḷp' (to arrange, to be suitable) with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: kḷp (class 10)

वर्धते (vardhate) - the mind expands or strengthens due to desires (grows, increases, flourishes)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of vṛdh

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

चित्तम् (cittam) - the thinking faculty, which is subject to growth by desires (mind, consciousness, thought)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, intellect

Past Passive Participle (from cit, to perceive)

From the root 'cit' (to perceive, know), though commonly used as a noun for 'mind'.

Root: cit (class 1)

तत् (tat) - referring to the 'saṃkalpa' (desire) that causes the mind's growth (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'parityaja'.

एव (eva) - emphasizing that precisely that desire should be abandoned (only, just, indeed, precisely)

(indeclinable)

आशु (āśu) - without delay, with urgency (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial usage.

परित्यज (parityaja) - the imperative instruction to relinquish desires (abandon, give up, renounce)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of parityaj

From root 'tyaj' (to abandon) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: tyaj (class 1)