योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-14, verse-57

आत्मनो व्यतिरिक्तं सच्चित्तमित्यङ्ग संविदा ।
मनः संपद्यते दुःखि क्षीयते त्यक्तया तया ॥ ५७ ॥

ātmano vyatiriktaṃ saccittamityaṅga saṃvidā ,
manaḥ saṃpadyate duḥkhi kṣīyate tyaktayā tayā 57

57. ātmanaḥ vyatiriktam sat cittam iti aṅga saṃvidā
manaḥ saṃpadyate duḥkhi kṣīyate tyaktayā tayā

57. aṅga ātmanaḥ vyatiriktam sat cittam iti saṃvidā
manaḥ duḥkhi saṃpadyate tayā tyaktayā (manaḥ) kṣīyate

57. O dear one, by the awareness (saṃvid) that the mind (citta) is a separate, existent entity from the Self (ātman), the mind (manaḥ) becomes sorrowful. But when that awareness is abandoned, the mind (citta) perishes.

Words meanings summery:

• आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - from the Self (of the Self (ātman), from the Self)

• व्यतिरिक्तम् (vyatiriktam) - separate, distinct, excluded

• सत् (sat) - an existent entity (existing, real, true)

• चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta), consciousness

• इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quotation or thought

• अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, O friend

• संविदा (saṁvidā) - by knowledge, by awareness, by consciousness

• मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

• संपद्यते (saṁpadyate) - becomes, arises, results in

• दुःखि (duḥkhi) - sorrowful, suffering, miserable

• क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - it is destroyed, it perishes, it wastes away

• त्यक्तया (tyaktayā) - when that awareness is abandoned (by that having been abandoned)

• तया (tayā) - by that awareness (saṃvid) (by that)

Words meanings and morphology

आत्मनः (ātmanaḥ) - from the Self (of the Self (ātman), from the Self)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essential nature

Note: Can also be genitive, but ablative is more fitting for 'separate from'.

व्यतिरिक्तम् (vyatiriktam) - separate, distinct, excluded

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vyatirikta

vyatirikta - separated, distinct, excluded, left out

Past Passive Participle

From root √ric 'to leave' with prefixes vi and ati

Prefixes: vi+ati

Root: ric (class 7)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam' (mind) in the quoted clause.

सत् (sat) - an existent entity (existing, real, true)

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sat

sat - being, existent, real, true, good

Present Active Participle

From root √as 'to be'

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'cittam' (mind) in the quoted clause.

चित्तम् (cittam) - the mind (citta), consciousness

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of citta

citta - mind, consciousness, thought, intellect

Root: cit (class 1)

Note: Subject of the 'iti' clause.

इति (iti) - thus, so, indicating a quotation or thought

(indeclinable)

अङ्ग (aṅga) - O dear one, O friend

(indeclinable)

संविदा (saṁvidā) - by knowledge, by awareness, by consciousness

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of saṃvid

saṁvid - knowledge, understanding, consciousness, awareness

मनः (manaḥ) - the mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of manas

manas - mind, intellect, heart, consciousness

संपद्यते (saṁpadyate) - becomes, arises, results in

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of √pad

From root √pad 'to go' with prefix saṃ

Prefix: sam

Root: pad (class 4)

दुःखि (duḥkhi) - sorrowful, suffering, miserable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of duḥkhin

duḥkhin - experiencing pain or sorrow, miserable, unhappy

Note: Agrees with 'manaḥ'.

क्षीयते (kṣīyate) - it is destroyed, it perishes, it wastes away

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present indicative (laṭ) of √kṣi

Passive voice, present indicative

Root: kṣi (class 1)

त्यक्तया (tyaktayā) - when that awareness is abandoned (by that having been abandoned)

(participle)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tyakta

tyakta - abandoned, forsaken, given up

Past Passive Participle

From root √tyaj 'to abandon'

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'tayā' which refers to 'saṃvidā'.

तया (tayā) - by that awareness (saṃvid) (by that)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Note: Refers to 'saṃvidā' (awareness).