मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-35, verse-52
दाननि चैव देयानि ब्राह्मणेभ्यो मनीषिभिः ।
यद्यदिष्टतमं लोके यच्चापि ययितं गृहे ॥५२॥
यद्यदिष्टतमं लोके यच्चापि ययितं गृहे ॥५२॥
52. dānani caiva deyāni brāhmaṇebhyo manīṣibhiḥ .
yadyadiṣṭatamaṃ loke yaccāpi yayitaṃ gṛhe.
yadyadiṣṭatamaṃ loke yaccāpi yayitaṃ gṛhe.
52.
dānani ca eva deyāni brāhmaṇebhyaḥ manīṣibhiḥ
yat yat iṣṭatamam loke yat ca api yatitam gṛhe
yat yat iṣṭatamam loke yat ca api yatitam gṛhe
52.
Indeed, gifts (dāna) should be given to Brahmins by the wise. Whatever is most cherished in the world, and whatever has been acquired in one's home, should be given.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- दाननि (dānani) - gifts, donations
- च (ca) - and, also
- एव (eva) - indeed, just, only
- देयानि (deyāni) - should be given, ought to be given
- ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to Brahmins, for Brahmins
- मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise ones, by the intelligent
- यत् (yat) - whatever, which
- यत् (yat) - whatever, which
- इष्टतमम् (iṣṭatamam) - Whatever is most desired or cherished. (most desired, most cherished)
- लोके (loke) - in the world, among people
- यत् (yat) - whatever, which
- च (ca) - and, also
- अपि (api) - also, even
- यतितम् (yatitam) - whatever has been acquired or prepared in one's home. (acquired, striven for, prepared)
- गृहे (gṛhe) - in the home, at home
Words meanings and morphology
दाननि (dānani) - gifts, donations
(noun)
neuter, plural of dāna
dāna - gift, donation, act of giving
From root √dā (to give) + suffix -ana
Root: √dā (class 3)
Note: This is an irregular/archaic form; 'dānāni' would be the standard plural.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
एव (eva) - indeed, just, only
(indeclinable)
देयानि (deyāni) - should be given, ought to be given
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, plural of deya
deya - to be given, what should be given, due
Gerundive
Future Passive Participle (gerundive) from √dā (to give) + suffix -ya.
Root: √dā (class 3)
Note: Functions as a predicate adjective here, implying 'they should be given'.
ब्राह्मणेभ्यः (brāhmaṇebhyaḥ) - to Brahmins, for Brahmins
(noun)
Dative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa
brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, a member of the priestly class
मनीषिभिः (manīṣibhiḥ) - by the wise ones, by the intelligent
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of manīṣin
manīṣin - wise, intelligent, sagacious; a wise man
From manīṣā (intellect, wisdom) + suffix -in
Note: Agent of the passive construction 'should be given'.
यत् (yat) - whatever, which
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever, that
Note: Repetition ('yad yad') indicates 'whatever'.
यत् (yat) - whatever, which
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever, that
इष्टतमम् (iṣṭatamam) - Whatever is most desired or cherished. (most desired, most cherished)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of iṣṭatama
iṣṭatama - most desired, most beloved, most agreeable
Superlative adjective
Superlative of iṣṭa (desired, beloved, Past Passive Participle of √iṣ) + suffix -tama.
Root: √iṣ (class 6)
Note: Agrees with implied neuter 'that thing'.
लोके (loke) - in the world, among people
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of loka
loka - world, realm, people, community
यत् (yat) - whatever, which
(pronoun)
neuter, singular of yad
yad - which, what, whatever, that
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
Note: Enhances 'also'.
यतितम् (yatitam) - whatever has been acquired or prepared in one's home. (acquired, striven for, prepared)
(adjective)
neuter, singular of yatita
yatita - striven, endeavored, acquired, prepared
Past Passive Participle
Past Passive Participle from √yat (to endeavor, strive, prepare, acquire) + suffix -ta.
Root: √yat (class 1)
Note: Refers to 'that thing' which is acquired.
गृहे (gṛhe) - in the home, at home
(noun)
Locative, masculine, singular of gṛha
gṛha - house, home, dwelling