मार्कण्डेय-पुराणम्
mārkaṇḍeya-purāṇam
-
chapter-35, verse-42
प्रोताय सलिलं देयं बहिर्दग्ध्वा तु गोत्रिकैः ।
प्रथमेऽह्नि चतुर्थे च सप्तमे नवमे तथा ॥४२॥
प्रथमेऽह्नि चतुर्थे च सप्तमे नवमे तथा ॥४२॥
42. protāya salilaṃ deyaṃ bahirdagdhvā tu gotrikaiḥ .
prathame'hni caturthe ca saptame navame tathā.
prathame'hni caturthe ca saptame navame tathā.
42.
protāya salilam deyam bahiḥ dagdhvā tu gotrikaiḥ
prathame ahani caturthe ca saptame navame tathā
prathame ahani caturthe ca saptame navame tathā
42.
Water should be offered to the deceased by the relatives (gotrikaiḥ) after having burned the body outside (the village). This should be done on the first, fourth, seventh, and ninth days.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- प्रोताय (protāya) - to the deceased, to the departed
- सलिलम् (salilam) - water
- देयम् (deyam) - should be given, is to be offered
- बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside (the village or habitation, where cremations typically occur) (outside, externally)
- दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) - having cremated (the body) (having burned)
- तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover
- गोत्रिकैः (gotrikaiḥ) - by the family members (sharing the same gotra) (by the relatives, by those of the same lineage)
- प्रथमे (prathame) - on the first (day) (on the first)
- अहनि (ahani) - on the (specified) day (on the day, in the day)
- चतुर्थे (caturthe) - on the fourth (day) (on the fourth)
- च (ca) - and, also
- सप्तमे (saptame) - on the seventh (day) (on the seventh)
- नवमे (navame) - on the ninth (day) (on the ninth)
- तथा (tathā) - and also (on the ninth day, etc.) (thus, in like manner, and also)
Words meanings and morphology
प्रोताय (protāya) - to the deceased, to the departed
(adjective)
Dative, masculine, singular of prota
prota - deceased, departed, stretched out, woven
Past Passive Participle
From root pra + i (to go forth, die).
Prefix: pra
Root: i (class 2)
Note: Dative case indicates the recipient of the offering.
सलिलम् (salilam) - water
(noun)
Accusative, neuter, singular of salila
salila - water, fluid
Note: Object to be given.
देयम् (deyam) - should be given, is to be offered
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of deya
deya - to be given, what is to be given, due
Gerundive (Potential Passive Participle)
Derived from root dā (to give) with suffix -ya.
Root: dā (class 3)
Note: Predicative adjective, agreeing with `salilam`.
बहिः (bahiḥ) - outside (the village or habitation, where cremations typically occur) (outside, externally)
(indeclinable)
Note: Modifies `dagdhvā`.
दग्ध्वा (dagdhvā) - having cremated (the body) (having burned)
(indeclinable)
Absolutive (Gerund)
Derived from root dah (to burn) with suffix -tvā.
Root: dah (class 1)
तु (tu) - but, indeed, moreover
(indeclinable)
गोत्रिकैः (gotrikaiḥ) - by the family members (sharing the same gotra) (by the relatives, by those of the same lineage)
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of gotrika
gotrika - belonging to the same family or gotra, a kinsman
Derived from gotra (lineage, clan).
Note: Agent in the passive construction "should be given by".
प्रथमे (prathame) - on the first (day) (on the first)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of prathama
prathama - first, foremost, primeval
Note: Denotes time.
अहनि (ahani) - on the (specified) day (on the day, in the day)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of ahan
ahan - day
n-stem.
Note: The word 'divase' is often associated, but `ahani` itself means 'on the day'.
चतुर्थे (caturthe) - on the fourth (day) (on the fourth)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of caturtha
caturtha - fourth
Ordinal number from `catur` (four).
Note: Denotes time.
च (ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
Note: Connects elements in a list.
सप्तमे (saptame) - on the seventh (day) (on the seventh)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of saptama
saptama - seventh
Ordinal number from `saptan` (seven).
Note: Denotes time.
नवमे (navame) - on the ninth (day) (on the ninth)
(adjective)
Locative, masculine, singular of navama
navama - ninth
Ordinal number from `navan` (nine).
Note: Denotes time.
तथा (tathā) - and also (on the ninth day, etc.) (thus, in like manner, and also)
(indeclinable)