महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-10, verse-52

ततः शल्यो रणे क्रुद्धः पीने वक्षसि तोमरम् ।
निचखान नदन्वीरो वर्म भित्त्वा च सोऽभ्यगात् ॥५२॥

52. tataḥ śalyo raṇe kruddhaḥ pīne vakṣasi tomaram ,
nicakhāna nadanvīro varma bhittvā ca so'bhyagāt.

52. tataḥ śalyaḥ raṇe kruddhaḥ pīne vakṣasi tomaram
nicakhāna nadan vīraḥ varma bhittvā ca saḥ abhyagāt

52. tataḥ raṇe kruddhaḥ nadan vīraḥ śalyaḥ pīne vakṣasi tomaram nicakhāna.
ca varma bhittvā saḥ abhyagāt

52. Then (tataḥ), the hero (vīraḥ) Shalya (śalyaḥ), enraged in battle (raṇe kruddhaḥ) and roaring (nadan), plunged a javelin (tomaram) into (Bhima's) broad chest (pīne vakṣasi). And it (the javelin), having pierced (bhittvā) the armor (varma), passed through (abhyagāt).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (King of Madra) (Shalya (name of a king))

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

• पीने (pīne) - broad (referring to the chest) (broad, stout, fat, swollen)

• वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - on the chest (on the chest, in the breast)

• तोमरम् (tomaram) - a javelin (javelin, lance, iron club)

• निचखान (nicakhāna) - he plunged, he struck (he struck, he planted, he dug in)

• नदन् (nadan) - roaring (roaring, shouting, making noise)

• वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (hero, brave man)

• वर्म (varma) - the armor (armor, coat of mail)

• भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced (having split, having pierced, having broken)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• सः (saḥ) - it (the javelin) (he, that)

• अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - passed through, went through (went towards, approached, passed through)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial.

शल्यः (śalyaḥ) - Shalya (King of Madra) (Shalya (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Shalya (proper name); spear, dart, thorn

Note: Subject of 'nicakhāna'.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, in war)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat

Note: Refers to the location of the action.

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged (enraged, angry)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √krudh (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'śalyaḥ'.

पीने (pīne) - broad (referring to the chest) (broad, stout, fat, swollen)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pīna

pīna - broad, stout, fat, swollen, full

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √pī (to swell, grow fat)

Root: pī (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'vakṣasi'.

वक्षसि (vakṣasi) - on the chest (on the chest, in the breast)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vakṣas

vakṣas - chest, breast

Note: Location where the javelin was struck.

तोमरम् (tomaram) - a javelin (javelin, lance, iron club)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tomara

tomara - javelin, lance, iron club

Note: Object of 'nicakhāna'.

निचखान (nicakhāna) - he plunged, he struck (he struck, he planted, he dug in)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √khan

Perfect Active

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, perfect tense of √khan with upasarga ni

Prefix: ni

Root: khan (class 1)

नदन् (nadan) - roaring (roaring, shouting, making noise)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nadant

nadant - roaring, shouting, sounding

Present Active Participle

Derived from root √nad (to roar, sound)

Root: nad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'śalyaḥ' as an action performed simultaneously.

वीरः (vīraḥ) - the hero (hero, brave man)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man, warrior

Note: Qualifies 'śalyaḥ'.

वर्म (varma) - the armor (armor, coat of mail)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of varman

varman - armor, protective covering

Note: Object of 'bhittvā'.

भित्त्वा (bhittvā) - having pierced (having split, having pierced, having broken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root √bhid (to split, break, pierce)

Root: bhid (class 7)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

सः (saḥ) - it (the javelin) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

Note: Refers to 'tomaram' (javelin, which can be masculine or neuter; masculine form used here).

अभ्यगात् (abhyagāt) - passed through, went through (went towards, approached, passed through)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √gam

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, imperfect tense of √gam with upasarga abhi

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)