महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-10, verse-31

ततो दृष्ट्वा तुद्यमानं शल्यं पार्थैः समन्ततः ।
कृतवर्मा कृपश्चैव संक्रुद्धावभ्यधावताम् ॥३१॥

31. tato dṛṣṭvā tudyamānaṁ śalyaṁ pārthaiḥ samantataḥ ,
kṛtavarmā kṛpaścaiva saṁkruddhāvabhyadhāvatām.

31. tataḥ dṛṣṭvā tudyamānam śalyam pārthaiḥ samantataḥ
kṛtavarmā kṛpaḥ ca eva saṃkruddhāu abhyadhāvatām

31. tataḥ pārthaiḥ samantataḥ tudyamānam śalyam dṛṣṭvā
kṛtavarmā ca kṛpaḥ eva saṃkruddhāu abhyadhāvatām

31. Then, having seen Śalya being tormented from all sides by the Pārthas (sons of Pṛthā), Kṛtavarmā and Kṛpa, both greatly enraged, rushed forward.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• तुद्यमानम् (tudyamānam) - being tormented, being harassed

• शल्यम् (śalyam) - Śalya

• पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - by the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī) (by the Pārthas)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

• कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

• कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

• संक्रुद्धाउ (saṁkruddhāu) - the two greatly enraged ones

• अभ्यधावताम् (abhyadhāvatām) - the two rushed towards

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive / Gerund

Derived from the root √dṛś with suffix -tvā

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तुद्यमानम् (tudyamānam) - being tormented, being harassed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tudyamāna

tudyamāna - being tormented, being afflicted, being pierced

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √tud

Root: tud (class 6)

शल्यम् (śalyam) - Śalya

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śalya

śalya - Śalya (name of a warrior, king of Madras)

पार्थैः (pārthaiḥ) - by the sons of Pṛthā (Kuntī) (by the Pārthas)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), a Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pṛthā

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, all around

(indeclinable)

कृतवर्मा (kṛtavarmā) - Kṛtavarmā

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛtavarman

kṛtavarman - Kṛtavarmā (name of a warrior, an ally of the Kauravas)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛta+varman)

• kṛta – done, made, performed
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from √kṛ
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• varman – armor, mail, shield
  noun (neuter)

कृपः (kṛpaḥ) - Kṛpa

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛpa

kṛpa - Kṛpa (name of a warrior, a Brahmin and general of the Kaurava army)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, even, only

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धाउ (saṁkruddhāu) - the two greatly enraged ones

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, furious

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √krudh with prefix sam-

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

अभ्यधावताम् (abhyadhāvatām) - the two rushed towards

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, imperfect (laṅ) of √dhāv

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dhāv (class 1)