महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-10, verse-11

मद्रराजस्तु संक्रुद्धो गृहीत्वा धनुरुत्तमम् ।
अभ्यद्रवत संग्रामे पाण्डवानाततायिनः ॥११॥

11. madrarājastu saṁkruddho gṛhītvā dhanuruttamam ,
abhyadravata saṁgrāme pāṇḍavānātatāyinaḥ.

11. madrarājaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ gṛhītvā dhanuḥ uttamam
abhyadravata saṃgrāme pāṇḍavān ātatāyinaḥ

11. madrarājaḥ tu saṃkruddhaḥ,
uttamam dhanuḥ gṛhītvā,
saṃgrāme ātatāyinaḥ pāṇḍavān abhyadravata.

11. But the king of Madras, greatly enraged, took his excellent bow and rushed into battle against the Pandavas, who were the aggressors.

Words meanings summery:

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madras, Śalya

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

• संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

• गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

• अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - rushed towards, attacked

• संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

• आततायिनः (ātatāyinaḥ) - the aggressors, assailants, assassins

Words meanings and morphology

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - the king of Madras, Śalya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madras

Compound type : tatpurusha (madra+rāja)

• madra – a country or its people
  proper noun (neuter)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

संक्रुद्धः (saṁkruddhaḥ) - greatly enraged, very angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃkruddha

saṁkruddha - greatly enraged, very angry

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' with prefix 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: krudh (class 4)

गृहीत्वा (gṛhītvā) - having taken, having seized

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'grah'.

Root: grah (class 9)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

उत्तमम् (uttamam) - excellent, best, supreme

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of uttama

uttama - highest, best, excellent, supreme

अभ्यद्रवत (abhyadravata) - rushed towards, attacked

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect

3rd person singular Imperfect form with prefixes 'abhi' and 'ā'.

Prefixes: abhi+ā

Root: dru (class 1)

संग्रामे (saṁgrāme) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of saṃgrāma

saṁgrāma - battle, war, combat

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pandava

आततायिनः (ātatāyinaḥ) - the aggressors, assailants, assassins

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātatāyin

ātatāyin - an aggressor, one who attacks without provocation, an assassin

Agent noun

Derived from root 'tan' with prefix 'ā', meaning 'one who has stretched out (a weapon)'.

Prefix: ā

Root: tan