महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-9, chapter-10, verse-13

ततः शरशतैस्तीक्ष्णैर्मद्रराजो महाबलः ।
अर्दयामास तां सेनां धर्मराजस्य पश्यतः ॥१३॥

13. tataḥ śaraśataistīkṣṇairmadrarājo mahābalaḥ ,
ardayāmāsa tāṁ senāṁ dharmarājasya paśyataḥ.

13. tataḥ śaraśataiḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ madrarājaḥ mahābalaḥ
ardayāmāsa tām senām dharmarājasya paśyataḥ

13. tataḥ mahābalaḥ madrarājaḥ tīkṣṇaiḥ śaraśataiḥ
dharmarājasya paśyataḥ tām senām ardayāmāsa

13. Then, the very powerful King of Madra, with hundreds of sharp arrows, harassed that army, right before the eyes of the King of Righteousness (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

• शरशतैः (śaraśataiḥ) - with hundreds of arrows

• तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (sharp, keen, fierce)

• मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - King Śalya, the king of the Madra kingdom (the king of Madra)

• महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very powerful, mighty, strong

• अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - he harassed, tormented, afflicted

• ताम् (tām) - that (army) (that, her)

• सेनाम् (senām) - army

• धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira, who is known as Dharmarāja (of the king of righteousness, of the king of dharma)

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while (the king of righteousness) was watching (seeing, while watching)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, therefrom, afterwards

(indeclinable)

शरशतैः (śaraśataiḥ) - with hundreds of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaraśata

śaraśata - hundred of arrows

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (śara+śata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)

तीक्ष्णैः (tīkṣṇaiḥ) - by sharp (arrows) (sharp, keen, fierce)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of tīkṣṇa

tīkṣṇa - sharp, keen, pungent, fierce

Note: Agrees with 'śaraśataiḥ'.

मद्रराजः (madrarājaḥ) - King Śalya, the king of the Madra kingdom (the king of Madra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of madrarāja

madrarāja - king of Madra

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (madra+rājan)

• madra – Madra (a country/people)
  proper noun (neuter)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

महाबलः (mahābalaḥ) - very powerful, mighty, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - having great strength, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, might
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'madrarājaḥ'.

अर्दयामास (ardayāmāsa) - he harassed, tormented, afflicted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of ard

Causative stem ard-aya-

Root: ard (class 1)

ताम् (tām) - that (army) (that, her)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'senām'.

सेनाम् (senām) - army

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host, troop

धर्मराजस्य (dharmarājasya) - of Yudhiṣṭhira, who is known as Dharmarāja (of the king of righteousness, of the king of dharma)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – righteousness, natural law, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - while (the king of righteousness) was watching (seeing, while watching)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, looking, observing

present active participle

From root dṛś, present stem paśya-

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dharmarājasya'.