महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-64

सवाजिसूतेष्वसनान्सकेतनाञ्जघान नागाश्वरथांस्त्वरंश्च सः ।
ततः प्रकीर्णं सुमहद्बलं तव प्रदारितं सेतुरिवाम्भसा यथा ।
ततोऽर्जुनस्याशु रथेन केशवश्चकार शत्रूनपसव्यमातुरान् ॥६४॥

64. savājisūteṣvasanānsaketanā;ñjaghāna nāgāśvarathāṁstvaraṁśca saḥ ,
tataḥ prakīrṇaṁ sumahadbalaṁ tava; pradāritaṁ seturivāmbhasā yathā ,
tato'rjunasyāśu rathena keśava;ścakāra śatrūnapasavyamāturān.

64. sa vāji sūteṣu asanān sa-ketanān jaghāna nāga-aśva-rathān
tu tvaraṃś ca saḥ tataḥ prakīrṇaṃ sumahat balam
tava pradāritam setuḥ iva ambhasā yathā tataḥ arjunasya
āśu rathena keśavaḥ cakāra śatrūn apasavyam āturaṃḥ

64. saḥ ca tvaran vāji sūteṣu asanān sa-ketanān nāga-aśva-rathān jaghāna,
tataḥ tava sumahat prakīrṇaṃ balam yathā setuḥ ambhasā pradāritam (tathā),
tataḥ keśavaḥ āśu rathena arjunasya śatrūn apasavyam āturān cakāra

64. And moving swiftly, he struck down the horses, charioteers, archers, standards, elephants, horses, and chariots. Then your vast and scattered army was broken apart, just like a dam breached by rushing waters. Thereupon, Keśava swiftly maneuvered Arjuna's chariot, driving it in a counterclockwise direction around the enemies and throwing them into utter distress.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• वाजि (vāji) - horse

• सूतेषु (sūteṣu) - in charioteers

• असनान् (asanān) - archers (archers, throwers, missiles)

• स-केतनान् (sa-ketanān) - along with their banners (along with banners)

• जघान (jaghāna) - he struck down (he struck, he killed, he destroyed)

• नाग-अश्व-रथान् (nāga-aśva-rathān) - elephants, horses, and chariots

• तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, and)

• त्वरन् (tvaran) - moving swiftly (making haste, moving swiftly)

• च (ca) - and

• सः (saḥ) - he

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

• प्रकीर्णं (prakīrṇaṁ) - scattered, dispersed

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - vast (very great, vast)

• बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, power)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of yours)

• प्रदारितम् (pradāritam) - broken apart (torn apart, broken, split)

• सेतुः (setuḥ) - dam (dam, bridge, causeway)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as)

• अम्भसा (ambhasā) - by rushing waters (by water)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon)

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - Arjuna's (of Arjuna)

• आशु (āśu) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly)

• रथेन (rathena) - by chariot

• केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Krishna)

• चकार (cakāra) - he made, he caused (he made, he did)

• शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

• अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - in a counterclockwise direction (counterclockwise, from right to left, turning to the left)

• आतुरः (āturaḥ) - distressed (afflicted, distressed, distressed ones)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

वाजि (vāji) - horse

(noun)

Locative, masculine, locative of vājin

vājin - horse, steed

Note: part of compound or list

सूतेषु (sūteṣu) - in charioteers

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of sūta

sūta - charioteer, driver, son of a mixed caste

असनान् (asanān) - archers (archers, throwers, missiles)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of asana

asana - archer, thrower, missile, bow

स-केतनान् (sa-ketanān) - along with their banners (along with banners)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of sa-ketana

sa-ketana - having a banner, with a standard

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+ketana)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• ketana – banner, standard, flag
  noun (neuter)

जघान (jaghāna) - he struck down (he struck, he killed, he destroyed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Root: han (class 2)

नाग-अश्व-रथान् (nāga-aśva-rathān) - elephants, horses, and chariots

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nāga-aśva-ratha

nāga-aśva-ratha - elephants, horses, and chariots

Compound type : dvandva (nāga+aśva+ratha)

• nāga – elephant
  noun (masculine)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

तु (tu) - and (but, indeed, and)

(indeclinable)

त्वरन् (tvaran) - moving swiftly (making haste, moving swiftly)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tvar

tvar - to hurry, to make haste

Present active participle

from root tvar

Root: tvar (class 1)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - he, she, it, that

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, from there)

(indeclinable)

प्रकीर्णं (prakīrṇaṁ) - scattered, dispersed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of prakīrṇa

prakīrṇa - scattered, dispersed, spread out

Past Passive Participle

pra + kīrṇa (root kṝ)

Prefix: pra

Root: kṝ (class 6)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - vast (very great, vast)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, vast

बलम् (balam) - army (army, strength, power)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bala

bala - strength, power, army

तव (tava) - your (your, of yours)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

प्रदारितम् (pradāritam) - broken apart (torn apart, broken, split)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradārita

pradārita - torn asunder, broken, split

Past Passive Participle

pra + dārita (causative past participle of dṝ)

Prefix: pra

Root: dṝ (class 9)

सेतुः (setuḥ) - dam (dam, bridge, causeway)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of setu

setu - bridge, dam, causeway

इव (iva) - like (like, as)

(indeclinable)

अम्भसा (ambhasā) - by rushing waters (by water)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as)

(indeclinable)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereupon (then, thereupon)

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - Arjuna's (of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna

आशु (āśu) - swiftly (swiftly, quickly)

(adverb)

Note: used adverbially

रथेन (rathena) - by chariot

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

केशवः (keśavaḥ) - Keśava (Krishna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of keśava

keśava - Keśava, an epithet of Krishna

चकार (cakāra) - he made, he caused (he made, he did)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

शत्रून् (śatrūn) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe

अपसव्यम् (apasavyam) - in a counterclockwise direction (counterclockwise, from right to left, turning to the left)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of apasavya

apasavya - contrary to the usual direction from left to right, counterclockwise, leftward

आतुरः (āturaḥ) - distressed (afflicted, distressed, distressed ones)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of ātura

ātura - distressed, afflicted, sick, suffering

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