महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-61

स्वमायुधं चोपविकीर्य भूतले धनुश्च कृत्वा सगुणं गुणाधिकः ।
समानयानावजितौ नरोत्तमौ शरोत्तमैर्द्रौणिरविध्यदन्तिकात् ॥६१॥

61. svamāyudhaṁ copavikīrya bhūtale; dhanuśca kṛtvā saguṇaṁ guṇādhikaḥ ,
samānayānāvajitau narottamau; śarottamairdrauṇiravidhyadantikāt.

61. sva māyudham ca upavikīrya bhūtale
dhanuḥ ca kṛtvā sa-guṇam guṇa-adhikaḥ
samāna-yāna-avajitau nara-uttamau
śara-uttamaiḥ drauṇiḥ avidyat antikāt

61. guṇa-adhikaḥ drauṇiḥ sva māyudham ca
bhūtale upavikīrya dhanuḥ ca sa-guṇam
kṛtvā samāna-yāna-avajitau nara-uttamau
śara-uttamaiḥ antikāt avidyat

61. Surpassing others in excellence, Droṇa's son scattered his own weapons on the ground, strung his bow, and from close range struck the two supreme men - who had vanquished him in an equal chariot duel - with excellent arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• स्व (sva) - own, his own

• आयुधम् (āyudham) - weapon

• च (ca) - and

• उपविकीर्य (upavikīrya) - having scattered around

• भूतले (bhūtale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• च (ca) - and

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having prepared

• स-गुणम् (sa-guṇam) - having a string, strung

• गुण-अधिकः (guṇa-adhikaḥ) - superior in qualities, surpassing in excellence

• समान-यान-अवजितौ (samāna-yāna-avajitau) - vanquished in an equal chariot / equal vehicle

• नर-उत्तमौ (nara-uttamau) - two best of men, two supreme men

• शर-उत्तमैः (śara-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows

• द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman)

• अविद्यत् (avidyat) - struck, pierced

• अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from proximity, from close range

Words meanings and morphology

स्व (sva) - own, his own

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, own

आयुधम् (āyudham) - weapon

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of āyudha

āyudha - weapon, implement of war

Prefix: ā

Root: yudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

उपविकीर्य (upavikīrya) - having scattered around

(verb)

active

gerund

From upa + vi + kṝ

Prefixes: upa+vi

Root: kṝ (class 6)

Note: gerund / absolutive

भूतले (bhūtale) - on the surface of the earth, on the ground

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhūtala

bhūtala - surface of the earth, ground

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhū+tala)

• bhū – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• tala – surface, flat part, sole, palm
  noun (neuter)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having made, having prepared

(verb)

active

gerund

root kṛ with suffix tvā

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: gerund / absolutive

स-गुणम् (sa-guṇam) - having a string, strung

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sa-guṇa

sa-guṇa - having a string, having qualities

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sa+guṇa)

• sa – with
  adjective
• guṇa – string of a bow, quality
  noun (masculine)

गुण-अधिकः (guṇa-adhikaḥ) - superior in qualities, surpassing in excellence

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guṇa-adhika

guṇa-adhika - superior in qualities, surpassing

Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+adhika)

• guṇa – quality, excellence
  noun (masculine)
• adhika – superior, greater, exceeding
  adjective

समान-यान-अवजितौ (samāna-yāna-avajitau) - vanquished in an equal chariot / equal vehicle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of samāna-yāna-avajita

samāna-yāna-avajita - vanquished in an equal chariot

Past Passive Participle

From samāna + yāna + ava + ji

Compound type : bahuvrihi (samāna-yāna+avajita)

• samāna-yāna – equal chariot or vehicle
  noun (neuter)
• avajita – vanquished, defeated
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  Prefix: ava
  Root: ji (class 1)

नर-उत्तमौ (nara-uttamau) - two best of men, two supreme men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of nara-uttama

nara-uttama - best of men

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+uttama)

• nara – man
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, supreme
  adjective

शर-उत्तमैः (śara-uttamaiḥ) - with excellent arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara-uttama

śara-uttama - excellent arrow

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+uttama)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, excellent
  adjective

द्रौणिः (drauṇiḥ) - Droṇa's son (Aśvatthāman)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of drauṇi

drauṇi - son of Droṇa

अविद्यत् (avidyat) - struck, pierced

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

root vyadh in past imperfect

Root: vyadh (class 4)

अन्तिकात् (antikāt) - from proximity, from close range

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of antika

antika - nearness, proximity

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