महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-53

तथेति चोक्त्वा त्वरिताः स्म तेऽर्जुनं जिघांसवो वीरतमाः समभ्ययुः ।
नदीनदान्भूरिजलो महार्णवो यथा तथा तान्समरेऽर्जुनोऽग्रसत् ॥५३॥

53. tatheti coktvā tvaritāḥ sma te'rjunaṁ; jighāṁsavo vīratamāḥ samabhyayuḥ ,
nadīnadānbhūrijalo mahārṇavo; yathā tathā tānsamare'rjuno'grasat.

53. tathā iti ca uktvā tvaritāḥ sma te
arjunaṃ jighāṃsavaḥ vīratamāḥ samabhyayuḥ
nadīnadān bhūrijalo maharṇavo
yathā tathā tān samare arjunaḥ agrasat

53. tathā iti ca uktvā tvaritāḥ vīratamāḥ
te jighāṃsavaḥ arjunaṃ samabhyayuḥ
maharṇavo bhūrijalaḥ nadīnadān
yathā tathā arjunaḥ tān samare agrasat

53. Saying so and agreeing, those most valiant warriors, eager to kill Arjuna, rushed forward against him. Just as a great ocean filled with abundant waters swallows rivers and streams, so Arjuna swallowed them up in battle.

Words meanings summery:

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• इति (iti) - thus, so (marking direct speech or thought)

• च (ca) - and, also

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, speaking

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - speedy, quick, hurried, hastened

• स्म (sma) - indeed, truly (particle used with present tense to denote past time)

• ते (te) - those

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• जिघांसवः (jighāṁsavaḥ) - desirous of killing, wishing to slay

• वीरतमाः (vīratamāḥ) - most heroic, the bravest

• समभ्ययुः (samabhyayuḥ) - they rushed towards, they approached, they attacked

• नदीनदान् (nadīnadān) - rivers and minor rivers, large and small rivers

• भूरिजलः (bhūrijalaḥ) - having abundant water, filled with much water

• महार्णवः (mahārṇavaḥ) - great ocean, vast sea

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as

• तथा (tathā) - so, in the same manner, thus

• तान् (tān) - those

• समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

• अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

• अग्रसत् (agrasat) - he swallowed, he devoured, he engulfed

Words meanings and morphology

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

इति (iti) - thus, so (marking direct speech or thought)

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, speaking

(verb)

active, absolutive of vac

absolutive

root vac with ktvā suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - speedy, quick, hurried, hastened

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

from root tvar

Root: tvar

स्म (sma) - indeed, truly (particle used with present tense to denote past time)

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna

जिघांसवः (jighāṁsavaḥ) - desirous of killing, wishing to slay

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jighāṃsu

jighāṁsu - desirous of killing

desiderative adjective

from desiderative of han

Root: han (class 2)

वीरतमाः (vīratamāḥ) - most heroic, the bravest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīratama

vīratama - most heroic, bravest

superlative adjective

from vīra with superlative suffix tama

समभ्ययुः (samabhyayuḥ) - they rushed towards, they approached, they attacked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (hyaṅ) of samabhiyā

root yā with sam and abhi prefixes

Prefixes: sam+abhi

Root: yā (class 2)

नदीनदान् (nadīnadān) - rivers and minor rivers, large and small rivers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of nadīnada

nadīnada - rivers and streams

dvandva compound of nadī and nada

Compound type : dvandva (nadī+nada)

• nadī – river
  noun (feminine)
• nada – large river, stream
  noun (masculine)

भूरिजलः (bhūrijalaḥ) - having abundant water, filled with much water

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhūrijala

bhūrijala - having abundant water

bahuvrīhi compound of bhūri and jala

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bhūri+jala)

• bhūri – abundant, much, many
  adjective
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

महार्णवः (mahārṇavaḥ) - great ocean, vast sea

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahārṇava

mahārṇava - great ocean

karmadhāraya compound of mahat and arṇava

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+arṇava)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (masculine)
• arṇava – ocean, sea
  noun (masculine)

यथा (yathā) - as, just as

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, in the same manner, thus

(indeclinable)

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

समरे (samare) - in battle, in war

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of samara

samara - battle, war

अर्जुनः (arjunaḥ) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna

अग्रसत् (agrasat) - he swallowed, he devoured, he engulfed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (hyaṅ) of gras

root gras in past imperfect

Root: gras (class 1)

Previous Verse Next Verse