महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-28

एते द्रवन्ति समरे धार्तराष्ट्रा महारथाः ।
अर्जुनस्य भयात्तूर्णं निरपेक्षा जनाधिपाः ॥२८॥

28. ete dravanti samare dhārtarāṣṭrā mahārathāḥ ,
arjunasya bhayāttūrṇaṁ nirapekṣā janādhipāḥ.

28. ete dravanti samare dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ mahārathāḥ
arjunasya bhayāt tūrṇam nirapekṣāḥ janādhipāḥ

28. ete dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ mahārathāḥ janādhipāḥ arjunasya
bhayāt samare tūrṇam nirapekṣāḥ dravanti

28. These great warriors (maharathas) who are the Dhārtarāṣṭras (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra), these lords of men (janādhipas), are fleeing quickly in battle out of fear of Arjuna, utterly disregardful of their lives (nirapekṣāḥ).

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these (referring to the Dhārtarāṣṭras and mahārathas) (these (masculine plural nominative))

• द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they flee (they run, they flee, they flow)

• समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, on the battlefield)

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the Dhārtarāṣṭras (the Kauravas, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas))

• महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (maharathas, a high rank of warrior) (great warriors, great charioteers (maharathas))

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• भयात् (bhayāt) - out of fear (from fear, owing to fear)

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

• निरपेक्षाः (nirapekṣāḥ) - utterly disregardful of their lives (or without expectation of safety/victory) (indifferent, regardless, without expectation, hopeless)

• जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - lords of men (kings) (lords of men, kings, rulers)

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these (referring to the Dhārtarāṣṭras and mahārathas) (these (masculine plural nominative))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this, these

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with the subjects.

द्रवन्ति (dravanti) - they flee (they run, they flee, they flow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √dru

Present tense, 3rd person plural

Parasmaipada verb, class 1.

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

समरे (samare) - in battle (in battle, in war, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict, encounter

Note: Indicates the place of action.

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the Dhārtarāṣṭras (the Kauravas, the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Kauravas))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - descendant of Dhṛtarāṣṭra; related to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Patronymic formation from Dhṛtarāṣṭra + aṇ (suffix).

Note: Subject of the verb.

महारथाः (mahārathāḥ) - great warriors (maharathas, a high rank of warrior) (great warriors, great charioteers (maharathas))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot; a great warrior capable of fighting many thousands single-handedly (a maharatha)

Compound of mahā (great) and ratha (chariot/warrior).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car; warrior (one who rides a chariot)
  noun (masculine)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - white, clear, silvery; Arjuna (name of the third Pāṇḍava prince)

Note: Possessive form, modifies 'bhayāt'.

भयात् (bhayāt) - out of fear (from fear, owing to fear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread, apprehension, terror

From √bhī (to fear).

Root: bhī (class 3)

Note: Indicates cause.

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly (quickly, swiftly, immediately)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage, possibly derived from PPP of √tvar (to hurry).

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies the verb 'dravanti'.

निरपेक्षाः (nirapekṣāḥ) - utterly disregardful of their lives (or without expectation of safety/victory) (indifferent, regardless, without expectation, hopeless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of nirapekṣa

nirapekṣa - indifferent, careless, regardless, having no regard for, hopeless, unconcerned

Compound of nis (without) and apekṣā (expectation, regard).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+apekṣā)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
  Prefix/Preposition indicating negation or absence.
• apekṣā – expectation, regard, consideration, hope, attention
  noun (feminine)
  From apa + √īkṣ (to see, look).
  Prefix: apa
  Root: īkṣ (class 1)

Note: Describes the state of the fleeing warriors.

जनाधिपाः (janādhipāḥ) - lords of men (kings) (lords of men, kings, rulers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, ruler, king

Compound of jana (people) and adhipa (lord, ruler).

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, man, creature, folk
  noun (masculine)
  From √jan (to be born, produce).
  Root: jan (class 4)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  From adhi + √pā (to protect, rule).
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)