महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-52

निरुन्धताभिद्रवताच्युतार्जुनौ श्रमेण संयोजयताशु सर्वतः ।
यथा भवद्भिर्भृशविक्षतावुभौ सुखेन हन्यामहमद्य भूमिपाः ॥५२॥

52. nirundhatābhidravatācyutārjunau; śrameṇa saṁyojayatāśu sarvataḥ ,
yathā bhavadbhirbhṛśavikṣatāvubhau; sukhena hanyāmahamadya bhūmipāḥ.

52. nirundhatā abhidravatā acyuta arjunau
śrameṇa saṃyojayatā āśu sarvataḥ
yathā bhavadbhiḥ bhṛśa vikṣatau
ubhau sukhena hanyām aham adya bhūmipāḥ

52. he bhūmipāḥ bhavadbhiḥ nirundhatā
abhidravatā acyuta arjunau śrameṇa
saṃyojayatā āśu sarvataḥ yathā ubhau
bhṛśa-vikṣatau adya ahaṃ sukhena hanyām

52. O kings, surround and attack Acyuta (Kṛṣṇa) and Arjuna from all sides, exhausting them swiftly so that, severely wounded by you both, I may easily strike them down today.

Words meanings summery:

• निरुन्धता (nirundhatā) - surrounding, blocking, restraining

• अभिद्रवता (abhidravatā) - rushing towards, attacking, charging

• अच्युत (acyuta) - Acyuta (name of Kṛṣṇa)

• अर्जुनौ (arjunau) - Arjuna (two Arjunas or dual form with Kṛṣṇa)

• श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by fatigue, by exhaustion, by exertion

• संयोजयता (saṁyojayatā) - connecting, uniting, afflicting, bringing into contact

• आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

• सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

• यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as, how

• भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by your honors, by you

• भृशविक्षतौ (bhṛśavikṣatau) - severely wounded, heavily battered

• उभौ (ubhau) - both

• सुखेन (sukhena) - with ease, comfortably, easily

• हन्याम् (hanyām) - I might kill, I might strike down, I may destroy

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अद्य (adya) - today

• भूमिपाः (bhūmipāḥ) - protectors of the earth, kings, rulers

Words meanings and morphology

निरुन्धता (nirundhatā) - surrounding, blocking, restraining

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of nirundhat

nirundhat - surrounding, blocking, obstructing

Present active participle

From nis + rudh- (class 7ub) with nasal infix

Prefix: nis

Root: rudh (class 7)

Note: Agrees with the instrumental plural bhavadbhiḥ referring to the kings addressed

अभिद्रवता (abhidravatā) - rushing towards, attacking, charging

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of abhidravat

abhidravat - running towards, attacking

Present active participle

From abhi + dru- (class 1p)

Prefix: abhi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with the instrumental plural bhavadbhiḥ

अच्युत (acyuta) - Acyuta (name of Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of acyuta

acyuta - imperishable, unfailing, Acyuta (epithet of Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa)

From a- + cyuta (fallen)

Prefix: a

Root: cyu (class 1)

Note: Object of the participles nirundhatā and abhidravatā

अर्जुनौ (arjunau) - Arjuna (two Arjunas or dual form with Kṛṣṇa)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of arjuna

arjuna - white, bright, Arjuna (proper name)

Note: Refers to the pair (Acyuta and Arjuna)

श्रमेण (śrameṇa) - by fatigue, by exhaustion, by exertion

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śrama

śrama - toil, fatigue, weariness, exertion

Root: śram (class 4)

Note: Instrumental of means

संयोजयता (saṁyojayatā) - connecting, uniting, afflicting, bringing into contact

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of saṃyojayat

saṁyojayat - uniting, bringing into contact, afflicting

Present active participle (causative)

Causative present participle from sam + yuj- (class 7u)

Prefix: sam

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with the instrumental plural bhavadbhiḥ

आशु (āśu) - quickly, swiftly

(adverb)

Note: Used adverbially

सर्वतः (sarvataḥ) - from all sides, everywhere

(indeclinable)

From sarva + tas suffix

Note: Adverbial suffix -tas

यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as, how

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction indicating purpose or result

भवद्भिः (bhavadbhiḥ) - by your honors, by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bhavat

bhavat - your honor, you

Note: Agent of the instrumental participles

भृशविक्षतौ (bhṛśavikṣatau) - severely wounded, heavily battered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of bhṛśavikṣata

bhṛśavikṣata - severely wounded or hurt

Past Passive Participle

Karmaṇi past passive participle from vi + kṣat- (class 1p) with adverbial modifier bhṛśa

Compound type : karmadhāraya (bhṛśa+vikṣata)

• bhṛśa – excessive, intense
  adjective (neuter)
• vikṣata – wounded, hurt
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From vi + kṣat-
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣat (class 1)

Note: Predicate adjective agreeing with ubhau

उभौ (ubhau) - both

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubhaya

ubhā - both

Note: Refers to Acyuta and Arjuna

सुखेन (sukhena) - with ease, comfortably, easily

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, ease, comfort

Note: Instrumental used adverbially meaning easily

हन्याम् (hanyām) - I might kill, I might strike down, I may destroy

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, potential (liṅ) of han

Root han- (class 2p)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Optative mood expressing desire or potentiality

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of hanyām

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

Note: Time indeclinable

भूमिपाः (bhūmipāḥ) - protectors of the earth, kings, rulers

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, plural of bhūmipā

bhūmipā - king, ruler, protector of the earth

From bhūmi + pā-

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhūmi+pā)

• bhūmi – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pā – protecting, protector
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: pā (class 2)

Note: Vocative plural addressing the gathered kings

Previous Verse Next Verse