महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-16

एषा विदीर्यते सेना धार्तराष्ट्री समन्ततः ।
अर्जुनस्य भयात्तूर्णं निघ्नतः शात्रवान्बहून् ॥१६॥

16. eṣā vidīryate senā dhārtarāṣṭrī samantataḥ ,
arjunasya bhayāttūrṇaṁ nighnataḥ śātravānbahūn.

16. eṣā vidīryate senā dhārtarāṣṭrī samantataḥ
arjunasya bhayāt tūrṇam nighnataḥ śātravān bahūn

16. eṣā dhārtarāṣṭrī senā samantataḥ vidīryate
bahūn śātravān tūrṇam nighnataḥ arjunasya bhayāt

16. This army of Dhritarashtra's sons is rapidly breaking apart on all sides, out of fear of Arjuna, who is swiftly striking down many enemies.

Words meanings summery:

• एषा (eṣā) - refers to the Kaurava army (this, this one)

• विदीर्यते (vidīryate) - the army is being scattered and broken (is torn apart, is breaking up, is splitting)

• सेना (senā) - army, host

• धार्तराष्ट्री (dhārtarāṣṭrī) - the army of the Kauravas (belonging to Dhritarashtra's sons, Kaurava)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

• अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

• भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

• तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

• निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of him who is striking/killing (striking, killing)

• शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies

• बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

Words meanings and morphology

एषा (eṣā) - refers to the Kaurava army (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

विदीर्यते (vidīryate) - the army is being scattered and broken (is torn apart, is breaking up, is splitting)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṝ

present passive

3rd person singular present passive indicative of root dṝ with upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: dṝ (class 9)

सेना (senā) - army, host

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of senā

senā - army, host

धार्तराष्ट्री (dhārtarāṣṭrī) - the army of the Kauravas (belonging to Dhritarashtra's sons, Kaurava)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhritarashtra

derived from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides, completely, everywhere

(indeclinable)

अर्जुनस्य (arjunasya) - of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a hero), white, silver

भयात् (bhayāt) - from fear, out of fear

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of bhaya

bhaya - fear, dread

Root: bhī (class 3)

तूर्णम् (tūrṇam) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Past Passive Participle

from root tvar (to hasten)

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Can be accusative singular neuter of adjective, but here functions as an adverb.

निघ्नतः (nighnataḥ) - of him who is striking/killing (striking, killing)

(participle)

Genitive, masculine, singular of nighnat

nighnat - striking, killing

present active participle

Present active participle of root han with upasarga ni-

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

शात्रवान् (śātravān) - enemies

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śātru

śātru - enemy, foe

बहून् (bahūn) - many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bahu

bahu - much, many, numerous