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8,57

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-31

वैदेहाम्बष्ठकाम्बोजास्तथा नग्नजितस्त्वया ।
गान्धाराश्च यया धृत्या जिताः संख्ये सुदुर्जयाः ॥३१॥
31. vaidehāmbaṣṭhakāmbojāstathā nagnajitastvayā ,
gāndhārāśca yayā dhṛtyā jitāḥ saṁkhye sudurjayāḥ.
31. vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhojāḥ tathā nagnajitāḥ tvayā
gāndhārāḥ ca yayā dhṛtyā jitāḥ saṃkhye sudurjayāḥ
31. tvayā yayā dhṛtyā saṃkhye sudurjayāḥ
vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhojāḥ tathā nagnajitāḥ ca gāndhārāḥ jitāḥ
31. The Vaidehas, Ambaṣṭhas, Kāmbojas, Nagnajitas, and Gandharas—who were extremely difficult to conquer in battle—were all defeated by you with that very same resolve (dhṛti).

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • वैदेहाम्भष्ठकाम्भोजाः (vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhojāḥ) - the Vaidehas, Ambaṣṭhas, and Kāmbojas
  • तथा (tathā) - and, thus, in that manner
  • नग्नजिताः (nagnajitāḥ) - the Nagnajitas (name of an ancient people/tribe)
  • त्वया (tvayā) - by you
  • गान्धाराः (gāndhārāḥ) - the Gandharas (name of an ancient people/tribe)
  • (ca) - and, also
  • यया (yayā) - by which (feminine)
  • धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by resolve, by firmness, by steadfastness
  • जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated
  • संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration, in calculation)
  • सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer, invincible

Words meanings and morphology

वैदेहाम्भष्ठकाम्भोजाः (vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhojāḥ) - the Vaidehas, Ambaṣṭhas, and Kāmbojas
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhoja
vaidehāmbhaṣṭhakāmbhoja - the Vaidehas, Ambaṣṭhas, and Kāmbojas (names of ancient peoples/tribes)
Compound type : dvandva (vaideha+ambaṣṭha+kāmboja)
  • vaideha – a person from Videha; a specific caste
    proper noun (masculine)
  • ambaṣṭha – a specific caste; name of a people
    proper noun (masculine)
  • kāmboja – a person from Kamboja; name of a people
    proper noun (masculine)
तथा (tathā) - and, thus, in that manner
(indeclinable)
नग्नजिताः (nagnajitāḥ) - the Nagnajitas (name of an ancient people/tribe)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of nagnajit
nagnajit - name of a king; name of a people
त्वया (tvayā) - by you
(pronoun)
Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad
yuṣmad - you
गान्धाराः (gāndhārāḥ) - the Gandharas (name of an ancient people/tribe)
(proper noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of gāndhāra
gāndhāra - a native of Gandhara; name of a people; name of a musical note
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
यया (yayā) - by which (feminine)
(pronoun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of yad
yad - which, what
धृत्या (dhṛtyā) - by resolve, by firmness, by steadfastness
(noun)
Instrumental, feminine, singular of dhṛti
dhṛti - resolve, firmness, steadfastness, courage
जिताः (jitāḥ) - conquered, defeated
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of jita
jita - conquered, victorious, subdued
Past Passive Participle
Derived from the root √ji (to conquer, win) with the -ta suffix.
Root: √ji (class 1)
संख्ये (saṁkhye) - in battle (in battle, in enumeration, in calculation)
(noun)
Locative, neuter, singular of saṃkhya
saṁkhya - battle, war, enumeration, calculation
सुदुर्जयाः (sudurjayāḥ) - very difficult to conquer, invincible
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of sudurjaya
sudurjaya - very difficult to conquer, invincible
Compound type : praadi-tatpurusha (su+durjaya)
  • su – good, well, very, excellent
    indeclinable
  • durjaya – difficult to conquer, invincible
    adjective (masculine)
    Gerundive/Future Passive Participle
    Formed with 'dur' (difficult) and 'jaya' (conquest/to be conquered), or directly from dur-√ji-ya.
    Prefix: dur
    Root: √ji (class 1)