महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-8, chapter-57, verse-54

न संदधानो न तथा शरोत्तमान्प्रमुञ्चमानो रिपुभिः प्रदृश्यते ।
धनंजयस्तस्य शरैश्च दारिता हताश्च पेतुर्नरवाजिकुञ्जराः ॥५४॥

54. na saṁdadhāno na tathā śarottamā;npramuñcamāno ripubhiḥ pradṛśyate ,
dhanaṁjayastasya śaraiśca dāritā; hatāśca peturnaravājikuñjarāḥ.

54. na saṃdadhānaḥ na tathā śarottamān
pramuñcamānaḥ ripubhiḥ pradṛśyate
dhanañjayaḥ tasya śaraiḥ ca dāritāḥ
hatāḥ ca petuḥ nara-vāja-kuñjarāḥ

54. ripubhiḥ na saṃdadhānaḥ na tathā
śarottamān pramuñcamānaḥ pradṛśyate
dhanañjayaḥ tasya śaraiḥ dāritāḥ
ca hatāḥ nara-vāja-kuñjarāḥ ca petuḥ

54. Not stringing his bow, nor discharging such excellent arrows, Dhananjaya is seen by his enemies, whereas men, horses, and elephants, torn apart by his arrows, fell dead.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• संदधानः (saṁdadhānaḥ) - stringing, joining, placing an arrow on the bowstring

• न (na) - nor

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so

• शरोत्तमान् (śarottamān) - best of arrows, excellent arrows

• प्रमुञ्चमानः (pramuñcamānaḥ) - discharging, releasing, letting loose

• रिपुभिः (ripubhiḥ) - by enemies

• प्रदृश्यते (pradṛśyate) - is seen, is perceived

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

• तस्य (tasya) - his

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• च (ca) - and

• दारिताः (dāritāḥ) - torn apart, split, shattered

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• च (ca) - and

• पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell, dropped

• नर-वाज-कुञ्जराः (nara-vāja-kuñjarāḥ) - men, horses, and elephants

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

संदधानः (saṁdadhānaḥ) - stringing, joining, placing an arrow on the bowstring

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃdadhāna

saṁdadhāna - joining, placing, stringing

Present active participle

From sam + dhā, 3rd class root

Prefix: sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

न (na) - nor

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so

(indeclinable)

शरोत्तमान् (śarottamān) - best of arrows, excellent arrows

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śarottama

śarottama - best of arrows, excellent arrow

tatpurusha compound of śara and uttama

Compound type : tatpurusha (śara+uttama)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• uttama – best, highest, excellent
  adjective (masculine)

प्रमुञ्चमानः (pramuñcamānaḥ) - discharging, releasing, letting loose

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pramuñcamāna

pramuñcamāna - releasing, discharging

Present active participle

From pra + muc, 6th class root

Prefix: pra

Root: muc (class 6)

रिपुभिः (ripubhiḥ) - by enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of ripu

ripu - enemy, foe

प्रदृश्यते (pradṛśyate) - is seen, is perceived

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Passive present

From pra + dṛś, 4th class root in passive voice

Prefix: pra

Root: dṛś (class 4)

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - Arjuna (Dhananjaya (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth, Dhananjaya, Arjuna

तस्य (tasya) - his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

दारिताः (dāritāḥ) - torn apart, split, shattered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dārita

dārita - torn, split, rent

Past Passive Participle

Causal past passive participle from dṝ, 9th class root

Root: dṝ (class 9)

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck

Past Passive Participle

From han, 2nd class root

Root: han (class 2)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

पेतुः (petuḥ) - fell, dropped

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of pat

Perfect

From pat, 1st class root in perfect tense

Root: pat (class 1)

नर-वाज-कुञ्जराः (nara-vāja-kuñjarāḥ) - men, horses, and elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of naravājakuñjara

naravājakuñjara - men, horses, and elephants

Dvandva compound of nara, vāja (or vājin), and kuñjara

Compound type : dvandva (nara+vāja+kuñjara)

• nara – man
  noun (masculine)
• vāja – horse, steed, strength
  noun (masculine)
• kuñjara – elephant
  noun (masculine)

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