महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-97, verse-45

स विद्धो व्यथितश्चैव मुहूर्तं कश्मलायुतः ।
निषसाद रथोपस्थे ध्वजयष्टिमुपाश्रितः ॥४५॥

45. sa viddho vyathitaścaiva muhūrtaṁ kaśmalāyutaḥ ,
niṣasāda rathopasthe dhvajayaṣṭimupāśritaḥ.

45. sa viddhaḥ vyathitaḥ ca eva muhūrtam kaśmalāyutaḥ
niṣasāda rathopasthe dhvajayaṣṭim upāśritaḥ

45. sa viddhaḥ vyathitaḥ ca eva kaśmalāyutaḥ muhūrtam
rathopasthe dhvajayaṣṭim upāśritaḥ niṣasāda

45. Wounded and deeply distressed, he remained for a moment overcome by bewilderment. He then sat down on the platform of his chariot, leaning against the flagstaff.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (referring to Ashvatthama) (he, that)

• विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded (by arrows) (pierced, struck, wounded)

• व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - deeply distressed (distressed, agitated, pained)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (emphasizing the state) (only, indeed, just, certainly)

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (a moment, a short time)

• कश्मलायुतः (kaśmalāyutaḥ) - overcome by bewilderment (afflicted with bewilderment, overcome by unconsciousness)

• निषसाद (niṣasāda) - he sat down

• रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the platform of his chariot (on the chariot platform, on the part near the chariot)

• ध्वजयष्टिम् (dhvajayaṣṭim) - the flagstaff (flagstaff)

• उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - leaning against (supported by, leaning on, resorted to)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (referring to Ashvatthama) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विद्धः (viddhaḥ) - wounded (by arrows) (pierced, struck, wounded)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viddha

viddha - pierced, struck, wounded

Past Passive Participle

From root `vyadh` (to pierce, strike) with suffix `kta`.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

व्यथितः (vyathitaḥ) - deeply distressed (distressed, agitated, pained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyathita

vyathita - distressed, agitated, pained, troubled

Past Passive Participle

From root `vyath` (to tremble, to be distressed) with suffix `kta`.

Root: vyath (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - certainly, indeed (emphasizing the state) (only, indeed, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment (a moment, a short time)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a period of time (48 minutes)

Note: Accusative of duration.

कश्मलायुतः (kaśmalāyutaḥ) - overcome by bewilderment (afflicted with bewilderment, overcome by unconsciousness)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaśmalāyuta

kaśmalāyuta - filled with stupor, bewildered, unconscious

Compound formed from `kaśmala` (stupor, unconsciousness) and `āyuta` (joined, connected, endowed with).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kaśmala+āyuta)

• kaśmala – stupor, unconsciousness, faintness, impurity
  noun (neuter)
• āyuta – joined, connected, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `yuj` (to join) with prefix `ā` and suffix `kta`.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.

निषसाद (niṣasāda) - he sat down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of niṣasād

Root `sad` with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: sad (class 1)

रथोपस्थे (rathopasthe) - on the platform of his chariot (on the chariot platform, on the part near the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of rathopastha

rathopastha - chariot platform, the front part of a chariot

Compound of `ratha` (chariot) and `upastha` (lap, proximity, platform).

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+upastha)

• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)
• upastha – lap, proximity, front part, platform
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa

ध्वजयष्टिम् (dhvajayaṣṭim) - the flagstaff (flagstaff)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhvajayaṣṭi

dhvajayaṣṭi - flagstaff, banner pole

Compound of `dhvaja` (flag, banner) and `yaṣṭi` (staff, pole).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dhvaja+yaṣṭi)

• dhvaja – flag, banner, standard
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhvaj (class 1)
• yaṣṭi – staff, stick, pole, club
  noun (feminine)

Note: Object of `upāśritaḥ`.

उपाश्रितः (upāśritaḥ) - leaning against (supported by, leaning on, resorted to)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upāśrita

upāśrita - leaned on, resorted to, dependent on, supported by

Past Passive Participle

From root `śri` (to resort to, to lean on) with prefix `upa-ā`.

Prefixes: upa+ā

Root: śri (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sa'.