महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-97, verse-29

ततः शांतनवो भीष्मः सैन्यं दृष्ट्वाभिविद्रुतम् ।
महता रथवंशेन सौभद्रं पर्यवारयत् ॥२९॥

29. tataḥ śāṁtanavo bhīṣmaḥ sainyaṁ dṛṣṭvābhividrutam ,
mahatā rathavaṁśena saubhadraṁ paryavārayat.

29. tataḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ sainyam dṛṣṭvā abhividrutam
mahatā rathavaṃśena saubhadram paryavārayat

29. tataḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ sainyam abhividrutam
dṛṣṭvā mahatā rathavaṃśena saubhadram paryavārayat

29. Then, Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, seeing his army being routed, surrounded Abhimanyu (saubhadra) with a large force of chariots.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma, son of Shantanu (son of Shantanu)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• अभिविद्रुतम् (abhividrutam) - routed, scattered, fled

• महता (mahatā) - by a great, by a large

• रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by a host of chariots, by a line of chariots

• सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadra (son of Subhadra)

• पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, therefore

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to 'tad' (that), forming an adverb.

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma, son of Shantanu (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

Patronymic derived from the name 'Śantanu'.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - terrible, formidable, Bhishma (a proper name)

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army, host

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

Derived from 'senā' (army).

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed by adding -tvā to the root 'dṛś'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

अभिविद्रुतम् (abhividrutam) - routed, scattered, fled

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhividruta

abhividruta - routed, scattered, fled, dispersed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dru' (to run, flee) with prefixes 'abhi' and 'vi'.

Prefixes: abhi+vi

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'sainyam'.

महता (mahatā) - by a great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Note: Agrees with 'rathavaṃśena'.

रथवंशेन (rathavaṁśena) - by a host of chariots, by a line of chariots

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of rathavaṃśa

rathavaṁśa - line of chariots, host of chariots

Compound type : tatpurusha (ratha+vaṃśa)

• ratha – chariot, car, vehicle
  noun (masculine)
• vaṃśa – bamboo, lineage, family, race, host, collection
  noun (masculine)

सौभद्रम् (saubhadram) - Abhimanyu, son of Subhadra (son of Subhadra)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saubhadra

saubhadra - son of Subhadra

Patronymic derived from the name 'Subhadrā'.

पर्यवारयत् (paryavārayat) - surrounded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vṛ

Prefixes: pari+ava

Root: vṛ (class 5)