महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-8

ततः प्रयातः सहसा भीष्मः शांतनवोऽर्जुनम् ।
रणे भारतमायान्तमाससाद महाबलम् ॥८॥

8. tataḥ prayātaḥ sahasā bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavo'rjunam ,
raṇe bhāratamāyāntamāsasāda mahābalam.

8. tataḥ prayātaḥ sahasā bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ
arjunam raṇe bhāratam āyāntam āsasāda mahābalam

8. bhāratam,
tataḥ śāntanavaḥ bhīṣmaḥ sahasā arjunam raṇe āyāntam mahābalam āsasāda.

8. O descendant of Bharata (bhārata), then Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, quickly advanced towards Arjuna in battle and met the very powerful (Arjuna) who was approaching.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

• प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - advanced (gone forth, advanced, departed)

• सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (suddenly, quickly, forcibly)

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (a proper noun, son of Shantanu))

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

• अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, on the battlefield)

• भारतम् (bhāratam) - O descendant of Bharata (vocative address) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

• आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (Arjuna) (approaching, coming)

• आससाद (āsasāda) - met (Arjuna) (he met, reached, attained)

• महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the very powerful one (Arjuna) (very powerful, mighty)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from there)

(indeclinable)

प्रयातः (prayātaḥ) - advanced (gone forth, advanced, departed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prayāta

prayāta - gone forth, advanced, departed

Past Passive Participle

from pra-√yā (to go)

Prefix: pra

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: used here effectively as an active verb 'he advanced'

सहसा (sahasā) - quickly (suddenly, quickly, forcibly)

(indeclinable)

instrumental singular of sahas (force, power), used adverbially

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (Bhishma (a proper noun, son of Shantanu))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a Kuru warrior, son of Shantanu)

Note: subject of 'prayātaḥ' and 'āsasāda'

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - son of Shantanu (Bhishma) (son of Shantanu)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant/son of Shantanu

vrddhi derivative of śantanu, meaning 'son of Shantanu'

Note: used as an epithet for Bhishma

अर्जुनम् (arjunam) - Arjuna

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of arjuna

arjuna - Arjuna (name of a Pandava prince); white, silver

Note: object of motion ('towards Arjuna')

रणे (raṇe) - in battle (in battle, on the battlefield)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war, conflict

भारतम् (bhāratam) - O descendant of Bharata (vocative address) (O descendant of Bharata, O Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata, a king of the Pūru dynasty

vrddhi derivative of bharata

आयान्तम् (āyāntam) - approaching (Arjuna) (approaching, coming)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of āyānt

āyānt - coming, approaching

Present Active Participle

from ā-√yā (to come)

Prefix: ā

Root: yā (class 2)

Note: present active participle modifying Arjuna

आससाद (āsasāda) - met (Arjuna) (he met, reached, attained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of āsasād

perfect tense, 3rd person singular of ā-√sad (to sit down, approach, meet)

Prefix: ā

Root: sad (class 1)

महाबलम् (mahābalam) - the very powerful one (Arjuna) (very powerful, mighty)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahābala

mahābala - of great strength, very powerful, mighty

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahā+bala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bala – strength, power, force, might
  noun (neuter)

Note: modifies Arjuna