महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-17

तस्य द्रोणोऽवधीदश्वाञ्शरैः संनतपर्वभिः ।
अष्टाभिर्भरतश्रेष्ठ सूतमेकेन पत्रिणा ॥१७॥

17. tasya droṇo'vadhīdaśvāñśaraiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ ,
aṣṭābhirbharataśreṣṭha sūtamekena patriṇā.

17. tasya droṇaḥ avadhīt aśvān śaraiḥ saṃnataparvabhiḥ
aṣṭābhiḥ bharataśreṣṭha sūtam ekena patrinā

17. bharataśreṣṭha droṇaḥ tasya aśvān aṣṭābhiḥ
saṃnataparvabhiḥ śaraiḥ sūtam ekena patrinā avadhīt

17. O best of the Bharatas, Drona struck down his (opponent's) horses with eight well-jointed arrows, and his charioteer with one feathered arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the opponent of Drona) (his, her, its, of that)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Drona (a proper name))

• अवधीत् (avadhīt) - struck down (the horses and charioteer) (killed, struck down)

• अश्वान् (aśvān) - the horses (of the opponent's chariot) (horses)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

• संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - with well-jointed (or sharpened) shafts (referring to arrows) (with bent-jointed, with well-jointed, with sharpened joints/shafts)

• अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - with eight (arrows) (by eight, with eight)

• भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas (a vocative address, common in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas)

• सूतम् (sūtam) - the charioteer (of the opponent's chariot) (charioteer)

• एकेन (ekena) - with one (arrow) (by one, with one)

• पत्रिना (patrinā) - with a feathered arrow (by a feathered (arrow), with a feathered (arrow))

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to the opponent of Drona) (his, her, its, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona, the preceptor of the Kauravas and Pandavas (Drona (a proper name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (proper name), bucket, a measure of grain

अवधीत् (avadhīt) - struck down (the horses and charioteer) (killed, struck down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of han

Aorist, 3rd person singular

Imperfective aorist, reduplicated root

Root: han (class 2)

Note: From root √han.

अश्वान् (aśvān) - the horses (of the opponent's chariot) (horses)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of aśva

aśva - horse

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows (by arrows, with arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - with well-jointed (or sharpened) shafts (referring to arrows) (with bent-jointed, with well-jointed, with sharpened joints/shafts)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃnataparvan

saṁnataparvan - having bent joints, having well-jointed sections, sharpened

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sam+nata+parvan)

• sam – with, together, completely
  indeclinable
• nata – bent, bowed, humbled
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root √nam (to bend)
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section, limb, festival
  noun (neuter)

Note: Adjective agreeing with śaraiḥ.

अष्टाभिः (aṣṭābhiḥ) - with eight (arrows) (by eight, with eight)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with śaraiḥ.

भरतश्रेष्ठ (bharataśreṣṭha) - O best of the Bharatas (a vocative address, common in the Mahabharata) (O best of Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharataśreṣṭha

bharataśreṣṭha - best of Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+śreṣṭha)

• bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king, India
  proper noun (masculine)
• śreṣṭha – best, excellent, principal
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative of praśasya (praśasta)

Note: Addressed to the listener (Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra, typically).

सूतम् (sūtam) - the charioteer (of the opponent's chariot) (charioteer)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sūta

sūta - charioteer, bard, carpenter

Note: Object of avadhīt.

एकेन (ekena) - with one (arrow) (by one, with one)

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with patrinā.

पत्रिना (patrinā) - with a feathered arrow (by a feathered (arrow), with a feathered (arrow))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of patrin

patrin - feathered, winged (as an arrow or bird)

Note: Can also be a noun for 'arrow' itself. Here used adjectivally with ekena implicitly referring to an arrow.