महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-44

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु द्रुपदस्यात्मजो बली ।
धृष्टद्युम्नो महाराज तव पुत्रं जनेश्वरम् ।
छादयामास समरे शरैः संनतपर्वभिः ॥४४॥

44. etasminneva kāle tu drupadasyātmajo balī ,
dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārāja tava putraṁ janeśvaram ,
chādayāmāsa samare śaraiḥ saṁnataparvabhiḥ.

44. etasmin eva kāle tu drupadasya
ātmajaḥ balī dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ mahārāja
tava putram janam īśvaram chādayām
āsa samare śaraiḥ saṃnataparvabhiḥ

44. mahārāja etasmin eva kāle tu drupadasya
balī ātmajaḥ dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ
samare saṃnataparvabhiḥ śaraiḥ tava
janam īśvaram putram chādayām āsa

44. But at this very time, O great king, the powerful son of Drupada, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, covered your son, the lord of men (Duryodhana), in battle with arrows having bent shafts.

Words meanings summery:

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

• एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

• काले (kāle) - at time, in time

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

• आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - son of Drupada (son (born of self))

• बली (balī) - powerful, strong

• धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra! (O great king!)

• तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

• पुत्रम् (putram) - your son, Duryodhana (son)

• जनम् (janam) - people, men

• ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - lord, ruler

• छादयाम् (chādayām) - covered

• आस (āsa) - he was

• समरे (samare) - in battle

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

• संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - by arrows having bent shafts (by those with bent shafts/joints)

Words meanings and morphology

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'.

एव (eva) - only, just, indeed, very

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

काले (kāle) - at time, in time

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this event to the previous narrative.

द्रुपदस्य (drupadasya) - of Drupada

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of drupada

drupada - name of the king of Pañchāla

Note: Possessive, refers to 'ātmajaḥ'.

आत्मजः (ātmajaḥ) - son of Drupada (son (born of self))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, daughter, one's own offspring

Derived from ātman (self) + ja (born)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective
  Agent Noun/Suffix
  from root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Dhṛṣṭadyumna.

बली (balī) - powerful, strong

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Possessive suffix -in

Note: Agrees with 'ātmajaḥ' and 'dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ'.

धृष्टद्युम्नः (dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ) - Dhṛṣṭadyumna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhṛṣṭadyumna

dhṛṣṭadyumna - name of a warrior, son of Drupada

Note: Subject of 'chādayām āsa'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra! (O great king!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārājan

mahārājan - great king, emperor

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahat+rājan)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)

Note: Direct address (to Dhṛtarāṣṭra).

तव (tava) - your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive pronoun modifying 'putram'.

पुत्रम् (putram) - your son, Duryodhana (son)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

Note: Object of 'chādayām āsa'.

जनम् (janam) - people, men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, people

Note: Part of compound 'janam īśvaram' (lord of men).

ईश्वरम् (īśvaram) - lord, ruler

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of īśvara

īśvara - lord, master, ruler, god

Note: Part of compound 'janam īśvaram' (jana-īśvara, lord of men), here separate due to sandhi undone.

छादयाम् (chādayām) - covered

(verb)

Intensive (causative stem form, part of periphrastic perfect)

Root: chad (class 10)

आस (āsa) - he was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of as

Perfect active, 3rd person singular (auxiliary verb)

Root: as (class 2)

समरे (samare) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, conflict, war

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of 'chādayām āsa'.

संनतपर्वभिः (saṁnataparvabhiḥ) - by arrows having bent shafts (by those with bent shafts/joints)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of saṃnataparvan

saṁnataparvan - having bent joints/shafts (used for arrows)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (samnata+parvan)

• samnata – bent, bowed, humble
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  from root nam (to bend) with prefix sam
  Prefix: sam
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, section, shaft (of an arrow)
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraiḥ'.