महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-19

ततस्तु तौ पितापुत्रौ भारद्वाजं रथे स्थितौ ।
महता शरवर्षेण वारयामासतुर्बलात् ॥१९॥

19. tatastu tau pitāputrau bhāradvājaṁ rathe sthitau ,
mahatā śaravarṣeṇa vārayāmāsaturbalāt.

19. tataḥ tu tau pitāputrau bhāradvājam rathe
sthitau mahatā śaravarṣeṇa vārayāmāsatuḥ balāt

19. tataḥ tu tau pitāputrau rathe sthitau mahatā
śaravarṣeṇa balāt bhāradvājam vārayāmāsatuḥ

19. Then, those two, the father and son, while positioned on their chariot, forcefully checked Drona (Bhāradvāja) with a great shower of arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• तौ (tau) - those two (father and son) (those two)

• पितापुत्रौ (pitāputrau) - the father and son (likely Virata and Shankha, or perhaps Arjuna and Abhimanyu depending on specific context, but more likely Virata and Shankha based on narrative flow from the previous verse.) (father and son)

• भारद्वाजम् (bhāradvājam) - Drona, the preceptor (Drona (son of Bharadvaja))

• रथे (rathe) - on their chariot (on the chariot)

• स्थितौ (sthitau) - positioned (on the chariot) (standing, situated, being)

• महता (mahatā) - with a great (by great, with great)

• शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a shower of arrows)

• वारयामासतुः (vārayāmāsatuḥ) - they checked/warded off (they checked, prevented, warded off)

• बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, from power)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from that)

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing the action) (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तौ (tau) - those two (father and son) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the father and son mentioned next.

पितापुत्रौ (pitāputrau) - the father and son (likely Virata and Shankha, or perhaps Arjuna and Abhimanyu depending on specific context, but more likely Virata and Shankha based on narrative flow from the previous verse.) (father and son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of pitāputra

pitāputra - father and son

Compound type : dvandva (pitṛ+putra)

• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb vārayāmāsatuḥ.

भारद्वाजम् (bhāradvājam) - Drona, the preceptor (Drona (son of Bharadvaja))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhāradvāja

bhāradvāja - descendant of Bharadvaja (specifically Drona), skylark

Patronymic from Bharadvaja

Note: Object of vārayāmāsatuḥ.

रथे (rathe) - on their chariot (on the chariot)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Location where they were situated.

स्थितौ (sthitau) - positioned (on the chariot) (standing, situated, being)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of sthita

sthita - standing, situated, firm

Past Passive Participle

From root √sthā (to stand)

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with pitāputrau.

महता (mahatā) - with a great (by great, with great)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with śaravarṣeṇa.

शरवर्षेण (śaravarṣeṇa) - with a shower of arrows (by a shower of arrows, with a shower of arrows)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śaravarṣa

śaravarṣa - shower of arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+varṣa)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• varṣa – rain, shower
  noun (masculine)

Note: Instrument of checking Drona.

वारयामासतुः (vārayāmāsatuḥ) - they checked/warded off (they checked, prevented, warded off)

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (liṭ) of vṛ

Causative Perfect, 3rd person dual

Periphrastic perfect of causative of √vṛ (to ward off)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

बलात् (balāt) - forcefully (by force, forcefully, from power)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial ablative.