महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-15

तदपास्य धनुश्छिन्नं विराटो वाहिनीपतिः ।
अन्यदादत्त वेगेन धनुर्भारसहं दृढम् ।
शरांश्चाशीविषाकाराञ्ज्वलितान्पन्नगानिव ॥१५॥

15. tadapāsya dhanuśchinnaṁ virāṭo vāhinīpatiḥ ,
anyadādatta vegena dhanurbhārasahaṁ dṛḍham ,
śarāṁścāśīviṣākārāñjvalitānpannagāniva.

15. tat apāsya dhanuḥ chinnam virāṭaḥ
vāhinīpatiḥ anyat ādatta vegena
dhanuḥ bhārasaham dṛḍham śarān ca
āśīviṣākārān jvalitān pannagān iva

15. vāhinīpatiḥ virāṭaḥ tat chinnam dhanuḥ apāsya,
vegena anyat dṛḍham bhārasaham dhanuḥ ca āśīviṣākārān jvalitān pannagān iva śarān ādatta

15. King Virāṭa, the commander of the army, casting aside that broken bow, swiftly took up another strong bow, one capable of bearing great strain, along with fiery arrows that resembled venomous snakes.

Words meanings summery:

• तत् (tat) - that, it

• अपास्य (apāsya) - having cast aside, having thrown away

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• छिन्नम् (chinnam) - cut, broken, severed

• विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - The King of Matsya kingdom. (Virāṭa (name of a king))

• वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army, general

• अन्यत् (anyat) - another (bow) (another, other)

• आदत्त (ādatta) - took up, received, accepted

• वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• भारसहम् (bhārasaham) - capable of bearing weight/strain, strong

• दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strong, firm, solid

• शरान् (śarān) - arrows

• च (ca) - and

• आशीविषाकारान् (āśīviṣākārān) - resembling venomous snakes, having the form of venomous snakes

• ज्वलितान् (jvalitān) - fiery, incandescent (arrows) (burning, flaming, bright)

• पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

तत् (tat) - that, it

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Object of apāsya.

अपास्य (apāsya) - having cast aside, having thrown away

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Prefix apa + root as (to throw) + gerund suffix ya.

Prefix: apa

Root: as (class 4)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

छिन्नम् (chinnam) - cut, broken, severed

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of chinna

chinna - cut, broken, severed, divided

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root chid (to cut).

Root: chid (class 7)

विराटः (virāṭaḥ) - The King of Matsya kingdom. (Virāṭa (name of a king))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of virāṭa

virāṭa - a sovereign, a king; name of the king of Matsya.

वाहिनीपतिः (vāhinīpatiḥ) - commander of the army, general

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāhinīpati

vāhinīpati - commander of an army (vāhinī); general.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāhinī+pati)

• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband, chief
  noun (masculine)

अन्यत् (anyat) - another (bow) (another, other)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anya

anya - other, another, different

आदत्त (ādatta) - took up, received, accepted

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past perfect (Lit) of dā

Reduplicated Perfect

Root dā (to give/take) with prefix ā. This form is often associated with taking. 3rd person singular middle voice.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

वेगेन (vegena) - with speed, swiftly, forcibly

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of vega

vega - speed, velocity, force, impetuosity

Derived from root vij (to move rapidly).

Root: vij (class 6)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

भारसहम् (bhārasaham) - capable of bearing weight/strain, strong

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bhārasaha

bhārasaha - bearing a burden/weight/strain; strong, robust.

From bhāra (load) + saha (bearing).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhāra+saha)

• bhāra – load, burden, weight, responsibility
  noun (masculine)
• saha – bearing, enduring, able to
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root sah (to bear, endure).
  Root: sah (class 1)

दृढम् (dṛḍham) - strong, firm, solid

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, solid, resolute

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛh (to be firm, strong).

Root: dṛh (class 7)

शरान् (śarān) - arrows

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow, reed

Root: śṛ

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects "dhanuḥ" and "śarān".

आशीविषाकारान् (āśīviṣākārān) - resembling venomous snakes, having the form of venomous snakes

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of āśīviṣākāra

āśīviṣākāra - having the form/shape of a venomous snake

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśīviṣa+ākāra)

• āśīviṣa – venomous snake (whose poison is in its fangs/blessings)
  noun (masculine)
  From āśīs (blessing/fang) + viṣa (poison).
• ākāra – form, shape, appearance, resemblance
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

ज्वलितान् (jvalitān) - fiery, incandescent (arrows) (burning, flaming, bright)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of jvalita

jvalita - burning, flaming, shining, ablaze

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jval (to burn, shine).

Root: jval (class 1)

पन्नगान् (pannagān) - snakes

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pannaga

pannaga - snake, reptile (one that moves with its feet/belly)

From pan (to move) + naga (mountain, here often referring to not moving with feet). Etymologically: moving on the belly.

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Used in comparison with "śarān".

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

Particle of comparison.