महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-48

स हताश्वान्महाबाहुरवप्लुत्य रथाद्बली ।
पदातिरसिमुद्यम्य प्राद्रवत्पार्षतं प्रति ॥४८॥

48. sa hatāśvānmahābāhuravaplutya rathādbalī ,
padātirasimudyamya prādravatpārṣataṁ prati.

48. sa hatāśvāt mahābāhuḥ avaplutya rathāt balī
padātiḥ asim udyamya prādravat pārṣatam prati

48. hatāśvāt mahābāhuḥ balī sa rathāt avaplutya
padātiḥ asim udyamya pārṣatam prati prādravat

48. He (the general), whose horses had been killed, the mighty one with great arms (mahābāhu), having leaped down from his chariot, became a foot-soldier, and raising his sword, he ran towards the son of Pṛṣata (Pārṣata - Dhṛṣṭadyumna).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (the general) (he)

• हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - whose horses had been killed (referring to the general) (from one whose horses are killed)

• महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - one with great arms, mighty-armed

• अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having leaped down

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• बली (balī) - mighty, powerful one

• पदातिः (padātiḥ) - foot-soldier

• असिम् (asim) - sword

• उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised

• प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - ran forth, charged

• पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - to the son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (to the son of Pṛṣata)

• प्रति (prati) - towards, against

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (the general) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that (pronoun/demonstrative)

हताश्वात् (hatāśvāt) - whose horses had been killed (referring to the general) (from one whose horses are killed)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hatāśva

hatāśva - one whose horses are killed or dead

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hata+aśva)

• hata – killed, struck, destroyed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'han' (to kill).
  Root: han (class 2)
• aśva – horse
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjectival use, describing 'he' (the general) as being in the state of having killed horses, or 'from the one whose horses are killed', implying his situation.

महाबाहुः (mahābāhuḥ) - one with great arms, mighty-armed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahābāhu

mahābāhu - having great arms, mighty-armed

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahā+bāhu)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• bāhu – arm
  noun (masculine)

अवप्लुत्य (avaplutya) - having leaped down

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'plu' with prefix 'ava' and absolutive suffix 'lyap'.

Prefix: ava

Root: plu (class 1)

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

बली (balī) - mighty, powerful one

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balin

balin - strong, powerful, mighty

Suffix -in.

पदातिः (padātiḥ) - foot-soldier

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of padāti

padāti - foot-soldier, infantryman

असिम् (asim) - sword

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of asi

asi - sword, scimitar

उद्यम्य (udyamya) - having raised

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root 'yam' with prefix 'ud' and absolutive suffix 'lyap'.

Prefix: ud

Root: yam (class 1)

प्राद्रवत् (prādravat) - ran forth, charged

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of dru

Imperfect

Root 'dru' with prefix 'pra', in Lāṅ (imperfect) form.

Prefix: pra

Root: dru (class 1)

पार्षतम् (pārṣatam) - to the son of Pṛṣata (Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (to the son of Pṛṣata)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pārṣata

pārṣata - son of Pṛṣata

Patronymic from Pṛṣata.

प्रति (prati) - towards, against

(indeclinable)