महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-78, verse-47

तस्य सेनापतिः क्रुद्धो धनुश्चिच्छेद मारिष ।
हयांश्च चतुरः शीघ्रं निजघान महारथः ।
शरैश्चैनं सुनिशितैः क्षिप्रं विव्याध सप्तभिः ॥४७॥

47. tasya senāpatiḥ kruddho dhanuściccheda māriṣa ,
hayāṁśca caturaḥ śīghraṁ nijaghāna mahārathaḥ ,
śaraiścainaṁ suniśitaiḥ kṣipraṁ vivyādha saptabhiḥ.

47. tasya senāpatiḥ kruddhaḥ dhanuḥ ciccheda
māriṣa hayān ca caturaḥ śīghram
nijaghāna mahārathaḥ śaraiḥ ca enam
suniśitaiḥ kṣipram vivyādha saptabhiḥ

47. māriṣa tasya kruddhaḥ senāpatiḥ dhanuḥ
ciccheda ca mahārathaḥ śīghram
caturaḥ hayān nijaghāna ca सुनिशितैः
saptabhiḥ śaraiḥ enam kṣipram vivyādha

47. O respected one (māriṣa), his (Dhṛṣṭadyumna's) enraged general cut his (Duryodhana's) bow. And the great chariot-warrior (mahāratha) (Duryodhana) swiftly killed his (the general's) four horses, and with seven very sharp arrows, quickly pierced him (the general).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (his, its)

• सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - general, commander of the army

• क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

• धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

• चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, severed

• मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O venerable one

• हयान् (hayān) - horses

• च (ca) - and

• चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly, quickly

• निजघान (nijaghāna) - killed, struck down

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Duryodhana as the great chariot-warrior (great chariot-warrior)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the general) (him)

• सुनिशितैः (suniśitaiḥ) - with very sharp (arrows)

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

• सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - his (referring to Dhṛṣṭadyumna) (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that (pronoun/demonstrative)

सेनापतिः (senāpatiḥ) - general, commander of the army

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of senāpati

senāpati - commander-in-chief, general

Compound type : tatpurusha (senā+pati)

• senā – army, host
  noun (feminine)
• pati – master, lord, husband
  noun (masculine)

क्रुद्धः (kruddhaḥ) - enraged, angry

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'krudh' (to be angry).

Root: krudh (class 4)

धनुः (dhanuḥ) - bow

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of dhanus

dhanus - bow (weapon); archer's bow

चिच्छेद (ciccheda) - cut, severed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of chid

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect form (Lit).

Root: chid (class 7)

मारिष (māriṣa) - O respected one, O venerable one

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of māriṣa

māriṣa - respected person, venerable sir

हयान् (hayān) - horses

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of haya

haya - horse

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

चतुरः (caturaḥ) - four

(numeral)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - swiftly, quickly

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

निजघान (nijaghāna) - killed, struck down

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of han

Perfect

Root 'han' with prefix 'ni', reduplicated perfect form (Lit).

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - Duryodhana as the great chariot-warrior (great chariot-warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - a great warrior fighting from a chariot, a mighty charioteer

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, car
  noun (masculine)

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow; reed

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the general) (him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him (pronoun)

सुनिशितैः (suniśitaiḥ) - with very sharp (arrows)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of suniśita

suniśita - well-sharpened, very sharp

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'śo' (to sharpen) with prefix 'ni', modified by 'su' (well, very).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+niśita)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• niśita – sharpened, keen
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root 'śo' with prefix 'ni'.
  Prefix: ni
  Root: śo (class 4)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Functions as an adverb.

विव्याध (vivyādha) - pierced, struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vyadh

Perfect

Reduplicated perfect form (Lit).

Root: vyadh (class 4)

सप्तभिः (saptabhiḥ) - with seven

(numeral)