महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-24, verse-9

संजय उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा हृषीकेशं गुडाकेशः परंतप ।
न योत्स्य इति गोविन्दमुक्त्वा तूष्णीं बभूव ह ॥९॥

9. saṁjaya uvāca ,
evamuktvā hṛṣīkeśaṁ guḍākeśaḥ paraṁtapa ,
na yotsya iti govindamuktvā tūṣṇīṁ babhūva ha.

9. sañjaya uvāca evam uktvā hṛṣīkeśam guḍākeśaḥ parantapa
na yotsye iti govindam uktvā tūṣṇīm babhūva ha

9. sañjaya uvāca parantapa guḍākeśaḥ hṛṣīkeśam evam
uktvā govindam 'na yotsye' iti uktvā tūṣṇīm ha babhūva

9. Sanjaya said: "O scorcher of foes (parantapa), Gudakesha (Arjuna), having thus spoken to Hrishikesha (Kṛṣṇa), and having then declared to Govinda (Kṛṣṇa), 'I will not fight,' became silent."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• हृषीकेशम् (hṛṣīkeśam) - to Hrishikesha, to Kṛṣṇa

• गुडाकेशः (guḍākeśaḥ) - Gudakesha, conqueror of sleep; an epithet of Arjuna

• परन्तप (parantapa) - An address by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra. (O scorcher of foes, O tormentor of enemies; an epithet of Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya))

• न (na) - not, no, nor

• योत्स्ये (yotsye) - I will fight

• इति (iti) - thus, so; indicates direct speech or quoted thought

• गोविन्दम् (govindam) - to Govinda, to Kṛṣṇa

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

• तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened, existed

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely, verily; an emphatic particle

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जय (sañjaya) - Sanjaya (name of Vyasa's disciple and Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (name of a charioteer who narrated the Bhagavad Gita to Dhritarashtra)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect active 3rd person singular

Formed from root `vac` (class 2) with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, so, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from root `vac` (class 2) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: vac (class 2)

हृषीकेशम् (hṛṣīkeśam) - to Hrishikesha, to Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hṛṣīkeśa

hṛṣīkeśa - lord of the senses, master of the senses; an epithet of Vishnu/Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (hṛṣīka+īśa)

• hṛṣīka – sense, organ of sense
  noun (neuter)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

गुडाकेशः (guḍākeśaḥ) - Gudakesha, conqueror of sleep; an epithet of Arjuna

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of guḍākeśa

guḍākeśa - conqueror of sleep; an epithet of Arjuna

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (guḍākā+īśa)

• guḍākā – sleep, mass, lump
  noun (feminine)
• īśa – lord, master, ruler, conqueror
  noun (masculine)
  Root: īś (class 2)

परन्तप (parantapa) - An address by Sanjaya to Dhritarashtra. (O scorcher of foes, O tormentor of enemies; an epithet of Dhritarashtra (addressed by Sanjaya))

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of parantapa

parantapa - scorcher of foes, tormentor of enemies

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (para+tapa)

• para – other, hostile, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• tapa – burning, tormenting, heating
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `tap`.
  Agent noun/activity noun from root `tap` (to heat, torment).
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Used as a vocative for Dhritarashtra.

न (na) - not, no, nor

(indeclinable)

योत्स्ये (yotsye) - I will fight

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Future middle 1st person singular

Formed from root `yudh` (class 4) in the future tense, middle voice.

Root: yudh (class 4)

इति (iti) - thus, so; indicates direct speech or quoted thought

(indeclinable)

गोविन्दम् (govindam) - to Govinda, to Kṛṣṇa

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of govinda

govinda - protector of cows, finder of cows, lord of the earth; an epithet of Kṛṣṇa

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (go+vinda)

• go – cow, earth, ray of light
  noun (masculine)
• vinda – finder, acquirer, bestower
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root `vid`.
  Agent noun from root `vid` (to find, obtain).
  Root: vid (class 6)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having spoken, having said

(indeclinable)

Gerund (absolutive)

Formed from root `vac` (class 2) with suffix `-tvā`.

Root: vac (class 2)

तूष्णीम् (tūṣṇīm) - silently, quietly, in silence

(indeclinable)

बभूव (babhūva) - became, happened, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect active 3rd person singular

Formed from root `bhū` (class 1) with reduplication.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely, verily; an emphatic particle

(indeclinable)