महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-24, verse-20

न जायते म्रियते वा कदाचिन्नायं भूत्वा भविता वा न भूयः ।
अजो नित्यः शाश्वतोऽयं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे ॥२०॥

20. na jāyate mriyate vā kadāci;nnāyaṁ bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ ,
ajo nityaḥ śāśvato'yaṁ purāṇo; na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre.

20. na jāyate mriyate vā kadācit na
ayam bhūtvā bhavitā vā na bhūyaḥ
| ajaḥ nityaḥ śāśvataḥ ayam
purāṇaḥ na hanyate hanyamāne śarīre

20. ayam kadācit na jāyate vā na
mriyate ayam bhūtvā vā bhūyaḥ na
bhavitā ayam ajaḥ nityaḥ śāśvataḥ
purāṇaḥ śarīre hanyamāne na hanyate

20. The self (ātman) is never born, nor does it ever die. Having come into existence, it does not then cease to be. This self (ātman) is unborn, eternal, perpetual, and ancient. It is not slain when the body is slain.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• जायते (jāyate) - is born

• म्रियते (mriyate) - dies

• वा (vā) - or, and

• कदाचित् (kadācit) - ever, at any time, sometimes

• न (na) - not, no

• अयम् (ayam) - this (self, ātman) (this)

• भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having existed

• भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will come into being

• वा (vā) - or, and

• न (na) - not, no

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

• अजः (ajaḥ) - unborn (referring to the self, ātman) (unborn, not born)

• नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal (referring to the self, ātman) (eternal, constant, perpetual)

• शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - everlasting (referring to the self, ātman) (everlasting, perpetual, permanent)

• अयम् (ayam) - this (self, ātman) (this)

• पुराणः (purāṇaḥ) - ancient (referring to the self, ātman) (ancient, old)

• न (na) - not, no

• हन्यते (hanyate) - is slain, is killed

• हन्यमाने (hanyamāne) - when the body is being slain (being slain, while being killed)

• शरीरे (śarīre) - when the body (in the body, on the body)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

जायते (jāyate) - is born

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of jan

Root in 4th class, Ātmanepada, meaning 'to be born'

Root: jan (class 4)

म्रियते (mriyate) - dies

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of mṛ

Root in 6th class, Ātmanepada

Root: mṛ (class 6)

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

कदाचित् (kadācit) - ever, at any time, sometimes

(indeclinable)

From interrogative stem kadā (when) + cit

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this (self, ātman) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular

Note: Refers to the self (ātman).

भूत्वा (bhūtvā) - having been, having existed

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root bhū (1st class) + -tvā suffix

Root: bhū (class 1)

भविता (bhavitā) - will be, will come into being

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, periphrastic future (luṭ) of bhū

Periphrastic Future (luṭ)

Formed from root bhū (1st class) with -tā suffix, functioning as a 3rd person singular future tense verb.

Root: bhū (class 1)

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - again, further, more

(indeclinable)

Comparative adverb, from root bhū (to be) or from bahu (much)

अजः (ajaḥ) - unborn (referring to the self, ātman) (unborn, not born)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aja

aja - unborn, not born; a goat; creator

Nañ-tatpuruṣa compound: a (not) + ja (born)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+ja)

• a – not
  indeclinable
  Negative particle
• ja – born
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root jan (to be born)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Qualifies 'ayam' (the self, ātman).

नित्यः (nityaḥ) - eternal (referring to the self, ātman) (eternal, constant, perpetual)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nitya

nitya - eternal, constant, perpetual, regular

Note: Qualifies 'ayam' (the self, ātman).

शाश्वतः (śāśvataḥ) - everlasting (referring to the self, ātman) (everlasting, perpetual, permanent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāśvata

śāśvata - everlasting, perpetual, permanent, eternal

From śāśvat (eternal)

Note: Qualifies 'ayam' (the self, ātman).

अयम् (ayam) - this (self, ātman) (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, that

Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular

Note: Refers to the self (ātman).

पुराणः (purāṇaḥ) - ancient (referring to the self, ātman) (ancient, old)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, primordial; a class of sacred texts

From purā (formerly)

Note: Qualifies 'ayam' (the self, ātman).

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

हन्यते (hanyate) - is slain, is killed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of han

Passive voice of root han (2nd class), 3rd person singular present

Root: han (class 2)

हन्यमाने (hanyamāne) - when the body is being slain (being slain, while being killed)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of han

han - to strike, to kill, to slay

Present Passive Participle

Formed from root han (2nd class) + -māna suffix for passive participles

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'śarīre' in a locative absolute construction.

शरीरे (śarīre) - when the body (in the body, on the body)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of śarīra

śarīra - body, frame, corporeal nature

Root: śṝ

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction with 'hanyamāne'.