महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-24, verse-69

या निशा सर्वभूतानां तस्यां जागर्ति संयमी ।
यस्यां जाग्रति भूतानि सा निशा पश्यतो मुनेः ॥६९॥

69. yā niśā sarvabhūtānāṁ tasyāṁ jāgarti saṁyamī ,
yasyāṁ jāgrati bhūtāni sā niśā paśyato muneḥ.

69. yā niśā sarvabhūtānām tasyām jāgarti saṃyamī
yasyām jāgrati bhūtāni sā niśā paśyataḥ muneḥ

69. yā sarvabhūtānām niśā,
tasyām saṃyamī jāgarti; yasyām bhūtāni jāgrati,
sā paśyataḥ muneḥ niśā.

69. What is night for all beings, in that the self-controlled (saṃyamī) person remains awake. That in which beings are awake, that is night for the discerning sage (muni).

Words meanings summery:

• या (yā) - which, what

• निशा (niśā) - night

• सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

• तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that, in her

• जागर्ति (jāgarti) - remains awake, is awake

• संयमी (saṁyamī) - the self-controlled one, the ascetic

• यस्याम् (yasyām) - in which, in whom

• जाग्रति (jāgrati) - are awake, remain awake

• भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures

• सा (sā) - that, she

• निशा (niśā) - night

• पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - of the seeing one, for the one who sees

• मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the ascetic

Words meanings and morphology

या (yā) - which, what

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Agrees with 'niśā'.

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

सर्वभूतानाम् (sarvabhūtānām) - of all beings, of all creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  adjective
• bhūta – being, creature, element
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Past passive participle of root 'bhū' (to be, become), here used as a noun.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

तस्याम् (tasyām) - in that, in her

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to 'niśā' (night).

जागर्ति (jāgarti) - remains awake, is awake

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √jāgṛ

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

संयमी (saṁyamī) - the self-controlled one, the ascetic

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃyamin

saṁyamin - one who practices self-control, ascetic, restrained

Agent Noun

Derived from the prefix 'sam' and the root 'yam' (to restrain, control) with the agent suffix '-in'.

Prefix: sam

Root: yam (class 1)

यस्याम् (yasyām) - in which, in whom

(pronoun)

Locative, feminine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Note: Refers to 'niśā' (night).

जाग्रति (jāgrati) - are awake, remain awake

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present indicative (laṭ) of √jāgṛ

Root: jāgṛ (class 2)

भूतानि (bhūtāni) - beings, creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of bhūta

bhūta - being, creature, element, past

Past Passive Participle

Past passive participle of root 'bhū' (to be, become), here used as a noun.

Root: bhū (class 1)

सा (sā) - that, she

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Refers to 'niśā' (night).

निशा (niśā) - night

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of niśā

niśā - night

पश्यतः (paśyataḥ) - of the seeing one, for the one who sees

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of paśyat

paśyat - seeing, observing, looking

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of root 'dṛś' (to see), with the irregular stem 'paśya'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun here, referring to 'muni'.

मुनेः (muneḥ) - of the sage, of the ascetic

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, contemplative