महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-53

नावहास्या यथा वीर भवेम परमाहवे ।
तथा कुरु रणे यत्नं साधयस्व पितामहम् ॥५३॥

53. nāvahāsyā yathā vīra bhavema paramāhave ,
tathā kuru raṇe yatnaṁ sādhayasva pitāmaham.

53. na avahāsyāḥ yathā vīra bhavema paramāhave
tathā kuru raṇe yatnam sādhayasva pitāmaham

53. vīra yathā paramāhave avahāsyāḥ na bhavema,
tathā raṇe yatnam kuru pitāmaham sādhayasva

53. O hero, exert yourself in battle so that we may not become objects of ridicule in this great war. Vanquish the grandsire (Bhishma).

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not

• अवहास्याः (avahāsyāḥ) - objects of ridicule, laughable

• यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as

• वीर (vīra) - O Arjuna (O hero)

• भवेम (bhavema) - we may be, we may become

• परमाहवे (paramāhave) - in the great battle, in the great war

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle

• यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

• साधयस्व (sādhayasva) - vanquish, accomplish, achieve

• पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma (the grandsire)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

अवहास्याः (avahāsyāḥ) - objects of ridicule, laughable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of avahāsya

avahāsya - ridiculous, contemptible, laughable, to be laughed at

Gerundive/Potential Participle

From root 'has' (to laugh) with prefix 'ava-'.

Prefix: ava

Root: has (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'we' (implied).

यथा (yathā) - so that, in order that, as

(indeclinable)

वीर (vīra) - O Arjuna (O hero)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave man

भवेम (bhavema) - we may be, we may become

(verb)

1st person , plural, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

परमाहवे (paramāhave) - in the great battle, in the great war

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of paramāhava

paramāhava - great battle, ultimate war

Compound type : karmadharaya (parama+āhava)

• parama – highest, supreme, excellent, great
  adjective
• āhava – battle, war, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From 'ā-hu' (to invoke) or 'ā-hve' (to challenge).
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hu/hve (class 3)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

कुरु (kuru) - do, make, perform

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of kṛ

Root: kṛ (class 8)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, fight, war

यत्नम् (yatnam) - effort, exertion

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor

From root 'yat' (to endeavor).

Root: yat (class 1)

साधयस्व (sādhayasva) - vanquish, accomplish, achieve

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of sādh

Causative Imperative

Causative root 'sādhay' from 'sādh' (to accomplish), in ātmanepada imperative 2nd singular.

Root: sādh (class 5)

पितामहम् (pitāmaham) - Bhishma (the grandsire)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - paternal grandfather, great father, Brahma (the creator god)