महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-26

संजय उवाच ।
आचक्षे ते महाराज यदकार्षीत्पितामहः ।
पीडिते तव पुत्रस्य सैन्ये पाण्डवसृञ्जयैः ॥२६॥

26. saṁjaya uvāca ,
ācakṣe te mahārāja yadakārṣītpitāmahaḥ ,
pīḍite tava putrasya sainye pāṇḍavasṛñjayaiḥ.

26. sañjayaḥ uvāca ācakṣe te mahārāja yat akārṣīt
pitāmahaḥ pīḍite tava putrasya sainye pāṇḍava-sṛñjayaiḥ

26. mahārāja sañjayaḥ uvāca tava putrasya sainye
pāṇḍava-sṛñjayaiḥ pīḍite pitāmahaḥ yat akārṣīt te ācakṣe

26. Sañjaya said: O great king, I will tell you what the grandfather (Bhishma) did when your son's army was afflicted by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas.

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• आचक्षे (ācakṣe) - I tell, I relate

• ते (te) - to you (Dhritarashtra) (to you, your)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

• यत् (yat) - what (action) (what, which)

• अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - did, performed

• पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Bhishma (grandfather, ancestor)

• पीडिते (pīḍite) - when it was distressed (distressed, afflicted, tormented)

• तव (tava) - (Dhritarashtra's) your (your)

• पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

• सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army (of Duryodhana) (in the army)

• पाण्डव-सृञ्जयैः (pāṇḍava-sṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - Sañjaya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sañjaya (name of Dhritarashtra's charioteer)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

root √vac, perfect 3rd singular

Root: vac (class 2)

आचक्षे (ācakṣe) - I tell, I relate

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ācakṣ

present Ātmanepada

root √cakṣ with prefix ā-, present 1st singular Ātmanepada

Prefix: ā

Root: cakṣ (class 2)

ते (te) - to you (Dhritarashtra) (to you, your)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Also can be genitive, but dative fits better with 'ācakṣe'.

महाराज (mahārāja) - O Dhritarashtra (O great king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

यत् (yat) - what (action) (what, which)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what

Note: Functions as a conjunction or relative pronoun, referring to the action of Bhishma.

अकार्षीत् (akārṣīt) - did, performed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of kṛ

aorist active

root √kṛ, aorist 3rd singular Parasmaipada

Root: kṛ (class 8)

पितामहः (pitāmahaḥ) - Bhishma (grandfather, ancestor)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, creator (Brahma)

Note: In the context of Mahabharata, 'pitāmaha' often refers to Bhishma.

पीडिते (pīḍite) - when it was distressed (distressed, afflicted, tormented)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of pīḍita

pīḍita - distressed, afflicted, tormented

past passive participle

from root √pīḍ (to oppress, torment)

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'sainye'.

तव (tava) - (Dhritarashtra's) your (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

पुत्रस्य (putrasya) - of your son (Duryodhana) (of the son)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son, child

सैन्ये (sainye) - in the army (of Duryodhana) (in the army)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

पाण्डव-सृञ्जयैः (pāṇḍava-sṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava-sṛñjaya

pāṇḍava-sṛñjaya - Pāṇḍavas and Sṛñjayas

Compound type : dvandva (pāṇḍava+sṛñjaya)

• pāṇḍava – descendants of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas
  proper noun (masculine)
• sṛñjaya – Sṛñjaya (name of a king/clan)
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: The instrumental case indicates the agent causing the affliction.