महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-22

ततस्तु तावकं सैन्यं वध्यमानं समन्ततः ।
संप्राद्रवद्दिशो राजन्काल्यमानं महारथैः ॥२२॥

22. tatastu tāvakaṁ sainyaṁ vadhyamānaṁ samantataḥ ,
saṁprādravaddiśo rājankālyamānaṁ mahārathaiḥ.

22. tatas tu tāvakam sainyam vadhyamānam samantataḥ
saṃprādravat diśaḥ rājan kālyamānam mahārathaiḥ

22. rājan tatas tu samantataḥ vadhyamānam mahārathaiḥ
kālyamānam tāvakam sainyam diśaḥ saṃprādravat

22. O King, then your army, being slaughtered from all sides, fled in all directions, driven by the great chariot warriors.

Words meanings summery:

• ततस् (tatas) - then (then, from that, thereafter)

• तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

• तावकम् (tāvakam) - your (Duryodhana's) (your, belonging to you)

• सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host)

• वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)

• समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere)

• संप्राद्रवत् (saṁprādravat) - fled (fled, ran away)

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - in all directions (directions, quarters)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O King)

• काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven (being driven, being pursued)

• महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great chariot warriors (Pandavas' side) (by great chariot-warriors)

Words meanings and morphology

ततस् (tatas) - then (then, from that, thereafter)

(indeclinable)

From pronominal stem 'tad' with suffix '-tas'

तु (tu) - indeed (but, indeed, however, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

तावकम् (tāvakam) - your (Duryodhana's) (your, belonging to you)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you

Derived from 'tava' (your)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'

सैन्यम् (sainyam) - army (army, host)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host

From 'senā' (army)

Note: Object of 'saṃprādravat'

वध्यमानम् (vadhyamānam) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vadhyamāna

vadhyamāna - being killed, being slaughtered

Present Passive Participle

Root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) + passive suffix 'ya' + present participle suffix 'śānac'

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'

समन्ततः (samantataḥ) - from all sides (from all sides, everywhere)

(indeclinable)

From 'samanta' (all-round) + suffix '-tas'

Note: Adverbial modifier

संप्राद्रवत् (saṁprādravat) - fled (fled, ran away)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of drav

Imperfect

Root 'dru' (to run) with 'saṃ' and 'pra' prefixes, Imperfect 3rd person singular

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dru (class 1)

Note: Main verb of the sentence

दिशः (diśaḥ) - in all directions (directions, quarters)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter

Note: Object of motion 'saṃprādravat'

राजन् (rājan) - O King (vocative) (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra by Sanjaya

काल्यमानम् (kālyamānam) - being driven (being driven, being pursued)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kālyamāna

kālyamāna - being driven, being pursued, being urged

Present Passive Participle

Root 'kal' (to drive, urge) + passive suffix 'ya' + present participle suffix 'śānac'

Root: kal (class 10)

Note: Qualifies 'sainyam'

महारथैः (mahārathaiḥ) - by the great chariot warriors (Pandavas' side) (by great chariot-warriors)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of mahāratha

mahāratha - great chariot-warrior

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, warrior (in chariot)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agent of the passive participles 'vadhyamānam' and 'kālyamānam'