महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-17

ततः प्रववृते युद्धं तव तेषां च भारत ।
अन्योन्यं निघ्नतां राजन्यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् ॥१७॥

17. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṁ tava teṣāṁ ca bhārata ,
anyonyaṁ nighnatāṁ rājanyamarāṣṭravivardhanam.

17. tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ tava teṣām ca bhārata
anyonyam nighnatām rājan yamarāṣṭravivardhanam

17. bhārata,
rājan,
tataḥ tava ca teṣām anyonyam nighnatām yamarāṣṭravivardhanam yuddhaṃ pravavṛte

17. Then, O Bhārata, the battle commenced between your side and theirs, O King, as they mutually slew each other, greatly expanding the realm of Yama (yamarāṣṭra).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

• प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it began, it ensued

• युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, war

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side) (your)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - and theirs (referring to the Pāṇḍavas' side) (of them)

• च (ca) - and

• भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata, here Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

• अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, one another

• निघ्नताम् (nighnatām) - of those who were killing

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् (yamarāṣṭravivardhanam) - increasing the kingdom of Yama

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter

(indeclinable)

प्रववृते (pravavṛte) - it began, it ensued

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of pravṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

युद्धं (yuddhaṁ) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

from root yudh + -kta

Root: yudh (class 4)

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's side) (your)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

तेषाम् (teṣām) - and theirs (referring to the Pāṇḍavas' side) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: refers to the Pāṇḍavas and their allies

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - O Bhārata (descendant of Bharata, here Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian, O Bhārata (vocative)

अन्योन्यम् (anyonyam) - mutually, one another

(indeclinable)

Note: adverbial usage

निघ्नताम् (nighnatām) - of those who were killing

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nighnat

nighnat - killing, striking down

Present Active Participle

from ni- + han

Prefix: ni

Root: han (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

यमराष्ट्रविवर्धनम् (yamarāṣṭravivardhanam) - increasing the kingdom of Yama

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yamarāṣṭravivardhana

yamarāṣṭravivardhana - increasing the kingdom of Yama

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (yama+rāṣṭra+vivardhana)

• yama – Yama (god of death)
  proper noun (masculine)
• rāṣṭra – kingdom, realm, country
  noun (neuter)
• vivardhana – increasing, enlarging, causing to grow
  adjective (neuter)
  agent noun/adjective
  from vi- + vṛdh (causative)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: describes yuddhaṃ