महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-48

एवमुक्त्वा ततो भीष्मं पञ्चभिर्नतपर्वभिः ।
अविध्यत रणे राजन्प्रणुन्नं वाक्यसायकैः ॥४८॥

48. evamuktvā tato bhīṣmaṁ pañcabhirnataparvabhiḥ ,
avidhyata raṇe rājanpraṇunnaṁ vākyasāyakaiḥ.

48. evam uktvā tataḥ bhīṣmam pañcabhiḥ nataparvabhiḥ
avidhyata raṇe rājan praṇunnam vākyasāyakaiḥ

48. he rājan evam bhīṣmam uktvā tataḥ raṇe vākyasāyakaiḥ
praṇunnam pañcabhiḥ nataparvabhiḥ avidhyata

48. O King, having thus spoken to Bhishma, who was already assailed by word-arrows, he then pierced him in battle with five arrows having bent shafts.

Words meanings summery:

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

• ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (accusative)

• पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five

• नतपर्वभिः (nataparvabhiḥ) - with (five) arrows having bent shafts (with bent joints, with arrows having bent shafts (from being shot))

• अविध्यत (avidhyata) - he pierced, he struck

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

• राजन् (rājan) - O King!

• प्रणुन्नम् (praṇunnam) - (Bhishma, already) assailed (by word-arrows) (impelled, driven, assailed)

• वाक्यसायकैः (vākyasāyakaiḥ) - by word-arrows, by verbal shafts

Words meanings and morphology

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the preceding speech.

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, having spoken

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

from root vac, past participle stem ukta

Root: vac (class 2)

ततः (tataḥ) - thereafter, then, from that

(indeclinable)

suffix -tas from tad

Note: Connects the action to the previous statement.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma (accusative)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a character in Mahabharata), terrible

Note: Object of 'uktvā' and 'avidhyata'.

पञ्चभिः (pañcabhiḥ) - with five

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'nataparvabhiḥ'.

नतपर्वभिः (nataparvabhiḥ) - with (five) arrows having bent shafts (with bent joints, with arrows having bent shafts (from being shot))

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nataparvan

nataparvan - having bent joints, bent-knotted

Compound type : karmadhāraya (nata+parvan)

• nata – bent, bowed
  adjective (masculine)
  past passive participle
  from root nam
  Root: nam (class 1)
• parvan – joint, knot, division
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies implied 'arrows'.

अविध्यत (avidhyata) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of vyadh

imperfect tense

ātmanepada ending for a class 4 verb

Root: vyadh (class 4)

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in combat

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, combat, war

Note: Denotes the location of the action.

राजन् (rājan) - O King!

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

प्रणुन्नम् (praṇunnam) - (Bhishma, already) assailed (by word-arrows) (impelled, driven, assailed)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of praṇunna

praṇunna - impelled, driven, pushed, assailed

past passive participle

from root nud with prefix pra-

Prefix: pra

Root: nud (class 6)

Note: Modifies Bhishma.

वाक्यसायकैः (vākyasāyakaiḥ) - by word-arrows, by verbal shafts

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vākyasāyaka

vākyasāyaka - word-arrow, verbal shaft

Compound type : tatpurusha (vākya+sāyaka)

• vākya – speech, word, saying
  noun (neuter)
• sāyaka – arrow, dart
  noun (masculine)
  from root i with prefix sa
  Prefix: sa
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Agent by which Bhishma was assailed (praṇunnam).