महाभारतः
mahābhārataḥ
-
book-6, chapter-104, verse-23
त्रातारं नाध्यगच्छन्त तावका भरतर्षभ ।
वध्यमानाः शितैर्बाणैः पाण्डवैः सहसृञ्जयैः ॥२३॥
वध्यमानाः शितैर्बाणैः पाण्डवैः सहसृञ्जयैः ॥२३॥
23. trātāraṁ nādhyagacchanta tāvakā bharatarṣabha ,
vadhyamānāḥ śitairbāṇaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sahasṛñjayaiḥ.
vadhyamānāḥ śitairbāṇaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sahasṛñjayaiḥ.
23.
trātāram na adhyagacchant tāvakāḥ bharatarṣabha
vadhyamānāḥ śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha sṛñjayaiḥ
vadhyamānāḥ śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha sṛñjayaiḥ
23.
bharatarṣabha tāvakāḥ śitaiḥ bāṇaiḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha
sṛñjayaiḥ vadhyamānāḥ trātāram na adhyagacchant
sṛñjayaiḥ vadhyamānāḥ trātāram na adhyagacchant
23.
O best of the Bharatas, your warriors, being slaughtered by the sharp arrows of the Pandavas and the Srinjayas, could find no protector.
Words meanings summery:
(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)
- त्रातारम् (trātāram) - protector (protector, savior)
- न (na) - not (not, no)
- अध्यगच्छन्त् (adhyagacchant) - found (found, reached, obtained)
- तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (Duryodhana's men) (your men, your people)
- भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)
- वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)
- शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharp, by whetted)
- बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows
- पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas
- सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)
- सृञ्जयैः (sṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Srinjayas (by the Srinjayas (a warrior tribe allied with Pandavas))
Words meanings and morphology
त्रातारम् (trātāram) - protector (protector, savior)
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of trātṛ
trātṛ - protector, savior
agent noun
From root 'trā' (to protect) + agent suffix '-tṛ'
Root: trā (class 2)
Note: Object of 'adhyagacchant'
न (na) - not (not, no)
(indeclinable)
Note: Negation
अध्यगच्छन्त् (adhyagacchant) - found (found, reached, obtained)
(verb)
3rd person , plural, active, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of gam
Imperfect
Root 'gam' (to go) with 'adhi' prefix, Imperfect 3rd person plural
Prefix: adhi
Root: gam (class 1)
Note: Main verb
तावकाः (tāvakāḥ) - your warriors (Duryodhana's men) (your men, your people)
(noun)
Nominative, masculine, plural of tāvaka
tāvaka - your, belonging to you, your men
Derived from 'tava' (your)
Note: Subject of 'adhyagacchant'
भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (Dhritarashtra) (O best of Bharatas)
(noun)
Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha
bharatarṣabha - best of Bharatas, bull among Bharatas
Compound type : tatpurusha (bharata+ṛṣabha)
- bharata – descendant of Bharata, name of a king
proper noun (masculine) - ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
noun (masculine)
Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra
वध्यमानाः (vadhyamānāḥ) - being slaughtered (being killed, being slaughtered)
(adjective)
Nominative, masculine, plural of vadhyamāna
vadhyamāna - being killed, being slaughtered
Present Passive Participle
Root 'vadh' (to strike, kill) + passive suffix 'ya' + present participle suffix 'śānac'
Root: vadh (class 1)
Note: Qualifies 'tāvakāḥ'
शितैः (śitaiḥ) - by sharp (by sharp, by whetted)
(adjective)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita
śita - sharp, whetted
Past Passive Participle
Root 'śo' (to sharpen) + past participle suffix '-ta'
Root: śo (class 4)
Note: Qualifies 'bāṇaiḥ'
बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - by arrows
(noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa
bāṇa - arrow
Note: Instrument of 'vadhyamānāḥ'
पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava
pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu
Note: Agent of 'vadhyamānāḥ'
सह (saha) - along with (with, along with)
(indeclinable)
Note: Preposition governing 'sṛñjayaiḥ'
सृञ्जयैः (sṛñjayaiḥ) - by the Srinjayas (by the Srinjayas (a warrior tribe allied with Pandavas))
(proper noun)
Instrumental, masculine, plural of sṛñjaya
sṛñjaya - Srinjaya (name of a warrior tribe)
Note: Co-agent with 'pāṇḍavaiḥ'