महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-104, verse-12

पुत्रैस्तव दुराधर्षै रक्षितः सुमहाबलैः ।
ततो द्रोणो महेष्वासः पुत्रश्चास्य महारथः ॥१२॥

12. putraistava durādharṣai rakṣitaḥ sumahābalaiḥ ,
tato droṇo maheṣvāsaḥ putraścāsya mahārathaḥ.

12. putraiḥ tava durādharṣaiḥ rakṣitaḥ sumahābalaiḥ
tataḥ droṇaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ putraḥ ca asya mahārathaḥ

12. tava durādharṣaiḥ sumahābalaiḥ putraiḥ rakṣitaḥ
tataḥ droṇaḥ maheṣvāsaḥ ca asya putraḥ mahārathaḥ

12. Protected by your formidable and exceedingly mighty sons, then Drona, the great archer, and his son, the great charioteer, were present.

Words meanings summery:

• पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by your sons (by the sons, with the sons)

• तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (your, of you)

• दुराधर्षैः (durādharṣaiḥ) - by the formidable (by the invincible, by the formidable, by the difficult to attack)

• रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)

• सुमहाबलैः (sumahābalaiḥ) - by the exceedingly mighty (by the exceedingly mighty, by the very powerful)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (introducing next person) (then, thereupon, from there)

• द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a preceptor))

• महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - the great archer (great archer, mighty bowman)

• पुत्रः (putraḥ) - his son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

• च (ca) - and

• अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Drona's son) (his, of him, of this)

• महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (Aśvatthāman) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

Words meanings and morphology

पुत्रैः (putraiḥ) - by your sons (by the sons, with the sons)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of putra

putra - son

Note: Agent of rakṣitaḥ

तव (tava) - your (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra's sons) (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Possessive with putraiḥ

दुराधर्षैः (durādharṣaiḥ) - by the formidable (by the invincible, by the formidable, by the difficult to attack)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of durādharṣa

durādharṣa - invincible, formidable, difficult to attack

duṣ (bad, difficult) + ā-dhṛṣ (to attack, dare)

Prefixes: dur+ā

Root: dhṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with putraiḥ

रक्षितः (rakṣitaḥ) - protected (protected, guarded, preserved)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣita

rakṣita - protected, guarded

past passive participle

from root rakṣ (to protect, guard)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Modifies Droṇaḥ

सुमहाबलैः (sumahābalaiḥ) - by the exceedingly mighty (by the exceedingly mighty, by the very powerful)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sumahābala

sumahābala - exceedingly mighty, very powerful

Compound type : bahuvrihi (su+mahat+bala)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• bala – strength, power
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with putraiḥ

ततः (tataḥ) - then (introducing next person) (then, thereupon, from there)

(indeclinable)

द्रोणः (droṇaḥ) - Drona (Drona (name of a preceptor))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of droṇa

droṇa - Drona (a character in Mahabharata, preceptor of Kauravas and Pandavas)

महेष्वासः (maheṣvāsaḥ) - the great archer (great archer, mighty bowman)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maheṣvāsa

maheṣvāsa - great archer, mighty bowman

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+īṣu+āsa)

• mahat – great
  adjective (neuter)
• īṣu – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• āsa – throwing
  noun (masculine)
  from root as (to throw)
  Root: as (class 4)

Note: Epithet of Droṇaḥ

पुत्रः (putraḥ) - his son (Aśvatthāman) (son)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of putra

putra - son

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - his (referring to Drona's son) (his, of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Droṇaḥ

महारथः (mahārathaḥ) - the great charioteer (Aśvatthāman) (great charioteer, mighty warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāratha

mahāratha - great charioteer, mighty warrior

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ratha)

• mahat – great
  adjective (neuter)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet of Droṇa's son