महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-9

विदुर उवाच ।
अतिवादोऽतिमानश्च तथात्यागो नराधिप ।
क्रोधश्चातिविवित्सा च मित्रद्रोहश्च तानि षट् ॥९॥

9. vidura uvāca ,
ativādo'timānaśca tathātyāgo narādhipa ,
krodhaścātivivitsā ca mitradrohaśca tāni ṣaṭ.

9. viduraḥ uvāca | ativādaḥ atimānaḥ ca tathā atyāgaḥ
narādhipa | krodhaḥ ca ativivitsā ca mitradrohaḥ ca tāni ṣaṭ

9. Vidura said: "O King, these six traits—harsh speech, arrogance, avarice, anger, excessive meddling, and betrayal of a friend—"

Words meanings summery:

• विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper noun)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• अतिवादः (ativādaḥ) - harsh speech, abusive language, slander, excessive talk

• अतिमानः (atimānaḥ) - excessive pride, arrogance, haughtiness

• च (ca) - and, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

• अत्यागः (atyāgaḥ) - non-renunciation, avarice, extreme non-giving, hoarding, miserliness

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O ruler of men

• क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

• च (ca) - and, also

• अतिविवित्सा (ativivitsā) - excessive curiosity, excessive desire to know, meddling

• च (ca) - and, also

• मित्रद्रोहः (mitradrohaḥ) - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

• च (ca) - and, also

• तानि (tāni) - these (neuter plural)

• षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

Words meanings and morphology

विदुरः (viduraḥ) - Vidura (proper noun)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (name of a wise character in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac', Perfect (liṭ), 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

अतिवादः (ativādaḥ) - harsh speech, abusive language, slander, excessive talk

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ativāda

ativāda - harsh speech, abusive language, slander, excessive talk

Compound of 'ati' (excessive) and 'vāda' (speech, talk)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+vāda)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive
  indeclinable
• vāda – speech, talk, doctrine, opinion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vad' (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

अतिमानः (atimānaḥ) - excessive pride, arrogance, haughtiness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atimāna

atimāna - excessive pride, arrogance, haughtiness

Compound of 'ati' (excessive) and 'māna' (pride, respect)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+māna)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive
  indeclinable
• māna – pride, self-respect, honor
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'man' (to think, believe)
  Root: man (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, also

(indeclinable)

अत्यागः (atyāgaḥ) - non-renunciation, avarice, extreme non-giving, hoarding, miserliness

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atyāga

atyāga - non-renunciation, avarice, extreme non-giving, hoarding, miserliness

Compound of 'ati' (excessive) and 'tyāga' (giving up, renunciation)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+tyāga)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive
  indeclinable
• tyāga – giving up, abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'tyaj' (to abandon)
  Root: tyaj (class 1)

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O king, O ruler of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'adhipa' (ruler, lord)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, master
  noun (masculine)
  From 'adhi' (over) + root 'pā' (to protect)
  Prefix: adhi
  Root: pā (class 2)

क्रोधः (krodhaḥ) - anger, wrath

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of krodha

krodha - anger, wrath, rage

From root 'krudh' (to be angry)

Root: krudh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अतिविवित्सा (ativivitsā) - excessive curiosity, excessive desire to know, meddling

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ativivitsā

ativivitsā - excessive curiosity, excessive desire to know, meddling

Compound of 'ati' (excessive) and 'vivitsā' (desire to know, curiosity)

Compound type : tatpurusha (ati+vivitsā)

• ati – over, beyond, excessive
  indeclinable
• vivitsā – desire to know, curiosity
  noun (feminine)
  Desiderative noun
  From desiderative stem of root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मित्रद्रोहः (mitradrohaḥ) - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mitradroha

mitradroha - betrayal of a friend, treachery against a friend

Compound of 'mitra' (friend) and 'droha' (treachery, injury)

Compound type : tatpurusha (mitra+droha)

• mitra – friend, companion
  noun (masculine)
• droha – treachery, malice, injury, rebellion
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'druh' (to injure, to harm)
  Root: druh (class 4)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तानि (tāni) - these (neuter plural)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, those, this, these

षट् (ṣaṭ) - six

(numeral)