महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-60

वनं राजंस्त्वं सपुत्रोऽम्बिकेय सिंहान्वने पाण्डवांस्तात विद्धि ।
सिंहैर्विहीनं हि वनं विनश्येत्सिंहा विनश्येयुरृते वनेन ॥६०॥

60. vanaṁ rājaṁstvaṁ saputro'mbikeya; siṁhānvane pāṇḍavāṁstāta viddhi ,
siṁhairvihīnaṁ hi vanaṁ vinaśye;tsiṁhā vinaśyeyurṛte vanena.

60. vanam rājan tvam saputraḥ ambikeya
siṃhān vane pāṇḍavān tāta viddhi
siṃhaiḥ vihīnam hi vanam
vinaśyet siṃhāḥ vinaśyeyuḥ ṛte vanena

60. O King, son of Ambikā, you along with your sons are the forest. O dear one, know the Pāṇḍavas to be the lions in that forest. Indeed, a forest devoid of lions would surely perish, and likewise, lions would perish without the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• वनम् (vanam) - the forest (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his sons) (forest, wood)

• राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

• त्वम् (tvam) - you (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (you)

• सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - along with your sons (with sons, having sons)

• अम्बिकेय (ambikeya) - O son of Ambikā (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (son of Ambikā)

• सिंहान् (siṁhān) - the lions (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (lions)

• वने (vane) - in that forest (in the forest)

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Pāṇḍu)

• तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra respectfully) (O dear one, father, son)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know

• सिंहैः (siṁhaiḥ) - by lions (by lions, with lions)

• विहीनम् (vihīnam) - devoid of (devoid of, separated from, without)

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, for)

• वनम् (vanam) - a forest (forest, wood)

• विनश्येत् (vinaśyet) - would perish (would perish, should perish, may perish)

• सिंहाः (siṁhāḥ) - lions

• विनश्येयुः (vinaśyeyuḥ) - would perish (would perish, should perish, may perish)

• ऋते (ṛte) - without (without, except, apart from)

• वनेन (vanena) - without the forest (by the forest, with the forest)

Words meanings and morphology

वनम् (vanam) - the forest (referring to Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his sons) (forest, wood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Also could be accusative, but nominative fits here with implied predicate 'are'.

राजन् (rājan) - O King (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: Stem form used in vocative.

त्वम् (tvam) - you (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (you)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: This word form `tvam` (without anusvāra) is the no-sandhi representation of the Devanagari `त्वं` (which has anusvāra).

सपुत्रः (saputraḥ) - along with your sons (with sons, having sons)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saputra

saputra - having sons, with sons

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+putra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
• putra – son
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'tvam'.

अम्बिकेय (ambikeya) - O son of Ambikā (Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (son of Ambikā)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of ambikeya

ambikeya - son of Ambikā

Patronymic from Ambikā.

Note: Refers to Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

सिंहान् (siṁhān) - the lions (referring to the Pāṇḍavas) (lions)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

वने (vane) - in that forest (in the forest)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Refers to the forest embodied by Dhṛtarāṣṭra and his sons.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas (the Pāṇḍavas, sons of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, Pāṇḍava

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: Object of 'viddhi'.

तात (tāta) - O dear one (addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra respectfully) (O dear one, father, son)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of tāta

tāta - father, dear one (term of endearment or respect)

Note: Used affectionately or respectfully, often by elders.

विद्धि (viddhi) - know

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vid

Root 'vid' (2nd class, active voice) imperative 2nd singular.

Root: vid (class 2)

सिंहैः (siṁhaiḥ) - by lions (by lions, with lions)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Agent of being 'devoid of'.

विहीनम् (vihīnam) - devoid of (devoid of, separated from, without)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vihīna

hā - to abandon, to leave, to lose

Past Passive Participle

Root 'hā' (3rd class) + prefix 'vi-' + suffix '-na'.

Prefix: vi

Root: hā (class 3)

Note: Refers to 'vanam'.

हि (hi) - indeed, surely (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

वनम् (vanam) - a forest (forest, wood)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Subject of 'vinaśyet'.

विनश्येत् (vinaśyet) - would perish (would perish, should perish, may perish)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of naś

Root 'naś' (4th class, active voice) with prefix 'vi-', optative 3rd singular.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Expresses a potential or conditional outcome.

सिंहाः (siṁhāḥ) - lions

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of siṃha

siṁha - lion

Note: Subject of 'vinaśyeyuḥ'.

विनश्येयुः (vinaśyeyuḥ) - would perish (would perish, should perish, may perish)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of naś

Root 'naś' (4th class, active voice) with prefix 'vi-', optative 3rd plural.

Prefix: vi

Root: naś (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'siṃhāḥ'.

ऋते (ṛte) - without (without, except, apart from)

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition governing instrumental case ('vanena').

वनेन (vanena) - without the forest (by the forest, with the forest)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Governed by 'ṛte'.