महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-1

विदुर उवाच ।
सप्तदशेमान्राजेन्द्र मनुः स्वायंभुवोऽब्रवीत् ।
वैचित्रवीर्य पुरुषानाकाशं मुष्टिभिर्घ्नतः ॥१॥

1. vidura uvāca ,
saptadaśemānrājendra manuḥ svāyaṁbhuvo'bravīt ,
vaicitravīrya puruṣānākāśaṁ muṣṭibhirghnataḥ.

1. vidura uvāca saptadaśa imān rājendra manuḥ svāyaṃbhuvaḥ
abravīt vaicitravīrya puruṣān ākāśam muṣṭibhiḥ ghnataḥ

1. Vidura said, "O King of kings (rājendra), O son of Vichitravīrya, Svayambhuva Manu described these seventeen types of people as acting like those who strike the sky with their fists."

Words meanings summery:

• विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• सप्तदश (saptadaśa) - seventeen

• इमान् (imān) - these

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Dhritarashtra (O King of kings, O best of kings)

• मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (proper name), a progenitor of mankind

• स्वायंभुवः (svāyaṁbhuvaḥ) - Svayambhuva (an epithet of Manu) (self-existent, born of oneself)

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - declared, spoke

• वैचित्रवीर्य (vaicitravīrya) - O Dhritarashtra (O son of Vichitravirya)

• पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - persons, men

• आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, ether, space

• मुष्टिभिः (muṣṭibhiḥ) - with fists

• घ्नतः (ghnataḥ) - those who are striking (referring to 'puruṣān') (striking, smiting)

Words meanings and morphology

विदुर (vidura) - Vidura

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vidura

vidura - Vidura (proper name)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: vac (class 2)

सप्तदश (saptadaśa) - seventeen

(indeclinable)

Note: Used here adjectivally with 'imān puruṣān'

इमान् (imān) - these

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of idam

idam - this, these

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Dhritarashtra (O King of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - king of kings, best of kings

Compound type : tatpurusha (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

मनुः (manuḥ) - Manu (proper name), a progenitor of mankind

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manu

manu - Manu (progenitor of mankind), man

स्वायंभुवः (svāyaṁbhuvaḥ) - Svayambhuva (an epithet of Manu) (self-existent, born of oneself)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svāyaṃbhuva

svāyaṁbhuva - self-existent, Svayambhuva (epithet of Manu)

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - declared, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of brū

Imperfect Active

Imperfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: brū (class 2)

वैचित्रवीर्य (vaicitravīrya) - O Dhritarashtra (O son of Vichitravirya)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vaicitravīrya

vaicitravīrya - son of Vichitravirya (patronymic)

पुरुषान् (puruṣān) - persons, men

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - person, man, male, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

आकाशम् (ākāśam) - sky, ether, space

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, ether, space

मुष्टिभिः (muṣṭibhiḥ) - with fists

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of muṣṭi

muṣṭi - fist, handful

घ्नतः (ghnataḥ) - those who are striking (referring to 'puruṣān') (striking, smiting)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of hant

hant - to strike, kill, smite

Present Active Participle

Present participle from root han (ghna form in stem), masculine accusative plural

Root: han (class 2)