महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-43

न तथेच्छन्त्यकल्याणाः परेषां वेदितुं गुणान् ।
यथैषां ज्ञातुमिच्छन्ति नैर्गुण्यं पापचेतसः ॥४३॥

43. na tathecchantyakalyāṇāḥ pareṣāṁ vedituṁ guṇān ,
yathaiṣāṁ jñātumicchanti nairguṇyaṁ pāpacetasaḥ.

43. na tathā icchanti akalyāṇāḥ pareṣām veditum guṇān
yathā eṣām jñātum icchanti nairguṇyam pāpacetasaḥ

43. Those who are wicked do not desire to know the good qualities of others as much as the evil-minded desire to know their faults.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, equally

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, wish, seek

• अकल्याणाः (akalyāṇāḥ) - the wicked, the inauspicious, those without welfare

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, belonging to others

• वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand, to learn

• गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, merits

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

• एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, their

• ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to ascertain, to comprehend

• इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, wish, seek

• नैर्गुण्यम् (nairguṇyam) - faultiness, defects, absence of good qualities, worthlessness

• पापचेतसः (pāpacetasaḥ) - the evil-minded, wicked-hearted

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - so, thus, in that manner, equally

(indeclinable)

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, wish, seek

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice of √iṣ (class 6, with reduplication)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

अकल्याणाः (akalyāṇāḥ) - the wicked, the inauspicious, those without welfare

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of akalyāṇa

akalyāṇa - wicked, evil, inauspicious, unfortunate

negation of kalyāṇa (auspicious, good)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+kalyāṇa)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• kalyāṇa – auspicious, good, virtuous, welfare
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Subject of 'icchanti'.

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, belonging to others

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, supreme, distant

वेदितुम् (veditum) - to know, to understand, to learn

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

infinitive form of √vid (class 2 or 6)

Root: vid (class 2)

गुणान् (guṇān) - qualities, virtues, merits

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, virtue, merit, strand, attribute

Note: Object of 'veditum'.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, in what manner

(indeclinable)

एषाम् (eṣām) - of these, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine/neuter, plural of idam

idam - this, these

genitive plural of idam (masculine/neuter)

Note: Refers to 'others'.

ज्ञातुम् (jñātum) - to know, to ascertain, to comprehend

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

infinitive form of √jñā (class 9)

Root: jñā (class 9)

इच्छन्ति (icchanti) - they desire, wish, seek

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of iṣ

Present Active

3rd person plural, present tense, active voice of √iṣ (class 6, with reduplication)

Root: iṣ (class 6)

नैर्गुण्यम् (nairguṇyam) - faultiness, defects, absence of good qualities, worthlessness

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of nairguṇya

nairguṇya - defect, fault, absence of good qualities, worthlessness

derived from nirguṇa (without qualities/defects)

Note: Object of 'jñātum'.

पापचेतसः (pāpacetasaḥ) - the evil-minded, wicked-hearted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāpacetas

pāpacetas - evil-minded, wicked-hearted, having a sinful mind

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pāpa+cetas)

• pāpa – evil, bad, wicked, sin
  adjective (neuter)
• cetas – mind, intelligence, heart, consciousness
  noun (neuter)

Note: Subject of the second 'icchanti'.