महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-14

सुलभाः पुरुषा राजन्सततं प्रियवादिनः ।
अप्रियस्य तु पथ्यस्य वक्ता श्रोता च दुर्लभः ॥१४॥

14. sulabhāḥ puruṣā rājansatataṁ priyavādinaḥ ,
apriyasya tu pathyasya vaktā śrotā ca durlabhaḥ.

14. sulabhāḥ puruṣā rājan satatam priyavādinaḥ
apriyasya tu pathyasya vaktā śrotā ca durlabhaḥ

14. O King, those who speak pleasant words are always readily available. However, a speaker and a listener of unpleasant but beneficial (pathya) advice are rare.

Words meanings summery:

• सुलभाः (sulabhāḥ) - readily available (easily obtainable, common, accessible)

• पुरुषा (puruṣā) - persons (puruṣa) (men, persons, human beings (puruṣa))

• राजन् (rājan) - O King

• सततम् (satatam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

• प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - speakers of pleasant words (speakers of pleasant words, flattering)

• अप्रियस्य (apriyasya) - of unpleasant (advice) (of that which is unpleasant, disliked)

• तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand)

• पथ्यस्य (pathyasya) - of beneficial (advice) (of that which is wholesome, beneficial, suitable)

• वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker (speaker, one who speaks)

• श्रोता (śrotā) - listener (listener, hearer)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (difficult to obtain, rare)

Words meanings and morphology

सुलभाः (sulabhāḥ) - readily available (easily obtainable, common, accessible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sulabha

sulabha - easy to obtain, easily accessible, common, readily available

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+labha)

• su – good, well, easy, excellent
  indeclinable
• labha – obtainable, to be gained, acquiring
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From root 'labh' (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

पुरुषा (puruṣā) - persons (puruṣa) (men, persons, human beings (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, person, human being, spirit, the supreme cosmic person (puruṣa)

राजन् (rājan) - O King

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

सततम् (satatam) - always (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially here

प्रियवादिनः (priyavādinaḥ) - speakers of pleasant words (speakers of pleasant words, flattering)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of priyavādin

priyavādin - speaking pleasantly, flattering, eloquent, gentle-speaking

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (priya+vādin)

• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective
• vādin – speaker, one who speaks, talking
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root 'vad' (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

अप्रियस्य (apriyasya) - of unpleasant (advice) (of that which is unpleasant, disliked)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of apriya

apriya - unpleasant, disagreeable, disliked, enemy

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (a+priya)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
• priya – dear, beloved, pleasant, agreeable
  adjective

Note: Refers to 'pathya' which is implied to be neuter singular here, meaning 'unpleasant (advice)'

तु (tu) - however (but, indeed, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

पथ्यस्य (pathyasya) - of beneficial (advice) (of that which is wholesome, beneficial, suitable)

(adjective)

Genitive, neuter, singular of pathya

pathya - wholesome, salutary, beneficial, suitable, proper

Note: Qualifies an implied noun like 'vacana' (word) or 'hitam' (good/benefit)

वक्ता (vaktā) - speaker (speaker, one who speaks)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaktṛ

vaktṛ - speaker, narrator, orator, advocate

Agent noun from root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

श्रोता (śrotā) - listener (listener, hearer)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrotṛ

śrotṛ - listener, hearer, one who listens

Agent noun from root 'śru' (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

दुर्लभः (durlabhaḥ) - rare (difficult to obtain, rare)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of durlabha

durlabha - difficult to obtain, rare, inaccessible, uncommon

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (dur+labha)

• dur – difficult, bad, hard, ill-
  indeclinable
• labha – obtainable, to be gained, acquiring
  adjective
  Gerundive
  From root 'labh' (to obtain)
  Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'vaktā' and 'śrotā' collectively