महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-25

अस्तब्धमक्लीबमदीर्घसूत्रं सानुक्रोशं श्लक्ष्णमहार्यमन्यैः ।
अरोगजातीयमुदारवाक्यं दूतं वदन्त्यष्टगुणोपपन्नम् ॥२५॥

25. astabdhamaklībamadīrghasūtraṁ; sānukrośaṁ ślakṣṇamahāryamanyaiḥ ,
arogajātīyamudāravākyaṁ; dūtaṁ vadantyaṣṭaguṇopapannam.

25. astabdham aklībam adīrghasūtram
sānukrośam ślākṣṇam ahāryam
anyaiḥ arogajātīyam udāravākyam
dūtam vadanti aṣṭaguṇopapannam

25. They describe a messenger as possessing eight qualities: not arrogant, courageous, not procrastinating, compassionate, gentle, incorruptible by others, of a healthy disposition, and eloquent in speech.

Words meanings summery:

• अस्तब्धम् (astabdham) - not stiff, not arrogant, humble

• अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not timid, brave, courageous

• अदीर्घसूत्रम् (adīrghasūtram) - not procrastinating, quick, efficient

• सानुक्रोशम् (sānukrośam) - compassionate, merciful

• श्लाक्ष्णम् (ślākṣṇam) - smooth, gentle, courteous

• अहार्यम् (ahāryam) - not to be carried away/stolen, incorruptible, unassailable

• अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

• अरोगजातीयम् (arogajātīyam) - of a healthy nature/disposition, not diseased

• उदारवाक्यम् (udāravākyam) - speaking noble/generous words, eloquent

• दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger, envoy

• वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they call, they speak

• अष्टगुणोपपन्नम् (aṣṭaguṇopapannam) - endowed with eight qualities

Words meanings and morphology

अस्तब्धम् (astabdham) - not stiff, not arrogant, humble

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of astabdha

astabdha - not stiff, not arrogant, humble, unhesitating

Past Passive Participle

Derived from 'a' (negation) and 'stabdha' (Past Passive Participle of √stambh, to stiffen)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+stabdha)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• stabdha – stiff, rigid, arrogant, obstructed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From √stambh (to prop, make stiff)
  Root: stambh (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

अक्लीबम् (aklībam) - not timid, brave, courageous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aklība

aklība - not impotent, not timid, brave, courageous

Derived from 'a' (negation) and 'klība' (impotent, timid)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+klība)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• klība – impotent, timid, eunuch
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

अदीर्घसूत्रम् (adīrghasūtram) - not procrastinating, quick, efficient

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adīrghasūtra

adīrghasūtra - not procrastinating, prompt, quick-acting

Derived from 'a' (negation) and 'dīrghasūtra' (procrastinating, literally 'having a long string/thread')

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+dīrghasūtra)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• dīrghasūtra – procrastinating, dilatory, having a long thread/string
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound 'dīrgha' (long) + 'sūtra' (thread/string), Bahuvrihi

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

सानुक्रोशम् (sānukrośam) - compassionate, merciful

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sānukrośa

sānukrośa - compassionate, merciful, pitiful

Derived from 'sa' (with) and 'anukrośa' (compassion)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (sa+anukrośa)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating 'with' or 'having'
• anukrośa – compassion, pity, sympathy
  noun (masculine)
  From anu + √kruś (to cry out, lament)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: kruś (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

श्लाक्ष्णम् (ślākṣṇam) - smooth, gentle, courteous

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ślākṣṇa

ślākṣṇa - smooth, soft, gentle, courteous, eloquent

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

अहार्यम् (ahāryam) - not to be carried away/stolen, incorruptible, unassailable

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of ahārya

ahārya - not to be carried away, not to be seized, incorruptible, unconquerable

Gerundive/Potential Passive Participle

Derived from 'a' (negation) and 'hārya' (Gerundive of √hṛ, to carry, take away)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+hārya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• hārya – to be taken, to be carried, to be stolen, to be plundered
  adjective (masculine)
  Gerundive/Potential Passive Participle
  From √hṛ (to carry, steal)
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

अन्यैः (anyaiḥ) - by others

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of anya

anya - other, another

Note: Agent of 'ahāryam' (incorruptible by others)

अरोगजातीयम् (arogajātīyam) - of a healthy nature/disposition, not diseased

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of arogajātīya

arogajātīya - of a healthy kind, not of a diseased nature

Derived from 'a' (negation) + 'roga' (disease) + 'jātīya' (of the kind of)

Compound type : Nañ-Tatpuruṣa (a+rogajātīya)

• a – not, non-, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• rogajātīya – of a diseased kind, of a harmful nature
  adjective (masculine)
  Compound 'roga' (disease) + 'jātīya' (of the kind of)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

उदारवाक्यम् (udāravākyam) - speaking noble/generous words, eloquent

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of udāravākya

udāravākya - speaking noble words, eloquent, magnanimous in speech

Compound 'udāra' (noble) + 'vākya' (speech), Bahuvrihi

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (udāra+vākya)

• udāra – noble, generous, exalted, liberal
  adjective (masculine)
• vākya – speech, word, sentence
  noun (neuter)
  From √vac (to speak)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'

दूतम् (dūtam) - messenger, envoy

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dūta

dūta - messenger, envoy, delegate

Past Passive Participle

From √dū (to go) or √dūta (to send)

Root: dū (class 1)

Note: Object of 'vadanti'

वदन्ति (vadanti) - they say, they call, they speak

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of vad

Present Indicative

3rd person plural, active voice

Root: vad (class 1)

अष्टगुणोपपन्नम् (aṣṭaguṇopapannam) - endowed with eight qualities

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aṣṭaguṇopapanna

aṣṭaguṇopapanna - endowed with eight qualities/virtues

Past Passive Participle

Compound 'aṣṭa' (eight) + 'guṇa' (quality) + 'upapanna' (endowed with)

Compound type : Bahuvrīhi (aṣṭa+guṇa+upapanna)

• aṣṭa – eight
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, virtue, attribute, constituent
  noun (masculine)
• upapanna – endowed with, furnished with, possessed of, suitable
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upa + √pad (to go, obtain)
  Prefix: upa
  Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'dūtam'