महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-37, verse-41

धार्तराष्ट्रा वनं राजन्व्याघ्राः पाण्डुसुता मताः ।
मा वनं छिन्धि सव्याघ्रं मा व्याघ्रान्नीनशो वनात् ॥४१॥

41. dhārtarāṣṭrā vanaṁ rājanvyāghrāḥ pāṇḍusutā matāḥ ,
mā vanaṁ chindhi savyāghraṁ mā vyāghrānnīnaśo vanāt.

41. dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ vanam rājan vyāghrāḥ pāṇḍusutāḥ matāḥ
mā vanam chindhi savyāghram mā vyāghrān nīnaśaḥ vanāt

41. O King, the Dhārtarāṣṭras are considered the forest, and the sons of Pāṇḍu are considered the tigers. Do not destroy the forest that contains the tigers, nor remove the tigers from the forest.

Words meanings summery:

• धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, descendants of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• राजन् (rājan) - O king, O ruler

• व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

• पाण्डुसुताः (pāṇḍusutāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu

• मताः (matāḥ) - considered, thought, believed, deemed

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

• छिन्धि (chindhi) - cut, break, destroy

• सव्याघ्रम् (savyāghram) - with tigers, accompanied by tigers

• मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

• व्याघ्रान् (vyāghrān) - tigers

• नीनशः (nīnaśaḥ) - remove, destroy, cause to disappear

• वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest

Words meanings and morphology

धार्तराष्ट्राः (dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ) - the sons of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, descendants of Dhṛtarāṣṭra

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhārtarāṣṭra

dhārtarāṣṭra - son of Dhṛtarāṣṭra, belonging to Dhṛtarāṣṭra

patronymic from Dhṛtarāṣṭra

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Used as the object of 'are considered' or as a predicate nominative.

राजन् (rājan) - O king, O ruler

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, monarch

व्याघ्राः (vyāghrāḥ) - tigers

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

Note: Used as the object of 'are considered' or as a predicate nominative.

पाण्डुसुताः (pāṇḍusutāḥ) - the sons of Pāṇḍu

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍusuta

pāṇḍusuta - son of Pāṇḍu

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (Pāṇḍu+suta)

• pāṇḍu – Pāṇḍu (name of a king)
  proper noun (masculine)
• suta – son, born
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from √sū (to give birth)
  Root: sū (class 4)

मताः (matāḥ) - considered, thought, believed, deemed

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mata

mata - considered, thought, believed, opinion

Past Passive Participle

from √man (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Agrees with Dhārtarāṣṭrāḥ and Pāṇḍusutāḥ.

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with injunctive for prohibition.

वनम् (vanam) - forest, wood, grove

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Object of 'chindhi'.

छिन्धि (chindhi) - cut, break, destroy

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of chid

Imperative Mood

2nd person singular, present tense, active voice, imperative mood of √chid (class 7)

Root: chid (class 7)

सव्याघ्रम् (savyāghram) - with tigers, accompanied by tigers

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of savyāghra

savyāghra - accompanied by tigers, having tigers

bahuvrīhi compound with prefix sa- (with)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+vyāghra)

• sa – with, together with
  indeclinable
  indeclinable prefix
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Qualifies 'vanam'.

मा (mā) - do not, not (prohibitive particle)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with injunctive for prohibition.

व्याघ्रान् (vyāghrān) - tigers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vyāghra

vyāghra - tiger

Note: Object of 'nīnaśaḥ'.

नीनशः (nīnaśaḥ) - remove, destroy, cause to disappear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, aorist/injunctive (luṅ) of naś

Causative Injunctive/Aorist

2nd person singular, aorist, active voice, causative of √naś (class 1 or 4), used as injunctive with mā. Root 'naś', causative 'nāśaya', reduplicated aorist 'anīnaśas'.

Root: naś (class 1)

वनात् (vanāt) - from the forest

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vana

vana - forest, wood, grove

Note: Indicates the source from which the tigers are removed.