महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-219, verse-52

अधिरोहन्ति यं नित्यं पिशाचाः पुरुषं क्वचित् ।
उन्माद्यति स तु क्षिप्रं पैशाचं तं ग्रहं विदुः ॥५२॥

52. adhirohanti yaṁ nityaṁ piśācāḥ puruṣaṁ kvacit ,
unmādyati sa tu kṣipraṁ paiśācaṁ taṁ grahaṁ viduḥ.

52. adhirohanti yam nityam piśācāḥ puruṣam kvacit
unmādyati saḥ tu kṣipram paiśācam tam graham viduḥ

52. When Piśācas habitually possess a man (puruṣa) somewhere, he quickly goes mad. Such a possession they know as Piśāca.

Words meanings summery:

• अधिरोहन्ति (adhirohanti) - they ascend, they take possession of

• यम् (yam) - whom

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, habitually, always

• पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - Piśācas (demonic beings)

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - man, male person

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - somewhere, sometimes, in some cases

• उन्माद्यति (unmādyati) - he goes mad, becomes insane

• सः (saḥ) - he

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

• पैशाचम् (paiśācam) - Piśāca-related, demonic

• तम् (tam) - that

• ग्रहम् (graham) - possession, seizure

• विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

Words meanings and morphology

अधिरोहन्ति (adhirohanti) - they ascend, they take possession of

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of adhiruh

Prefix: adhi

Root: ruh (class 1)

यम् (yam) - whom

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly, habitually, always

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter singular accusative.

पिशाचाः (piśācāḥ) - Piśācas (demonic beings)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of piśāca

piśāca - Piśāca, a class of malevolent demons or goblins

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - man, male person

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit (puruṣa)

क्वचित् (kvacit) - somewhere, sometimes, in some cases

(indeclinable)

उन्माद्यति (unmādyati) - he goes mad, becomes insane

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of unmād

Prefix: ud

Root: mad (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial use of neuter singular accusative.

पैशाचम् (paiśācam) - Piśāca-related, demonic

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paiśāca

paiśāca - belonging to Piśācas, demonic

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ग्रहम् (graham) - possession, seizure

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of graha

graha - seizure, grasping, planet, demon of disease, possession

Root: grah (class 9)

विदुः (viduḥ) - they know

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lit) of vid

3rd plural present of 2nd class root vid, used in a perfect sense.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Perfect form used with present meaning.