महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-219, verse-48

अवमन्यति यः सिद्धान्क्रुद्धाश्चापि शपन्ति यम् ।
उन्माद्यति स तु क्षिप्रं ज्ञेयः सिद्धग्रहस्तु सः ॥४८॥

48. avamanyati yaḥ siddhānkruddhāścāpi śapanti yam ,
unmādyati sa tu kṣipraṁ jñeyaḥ siddhagrahastu saḥ.

48. avamanyati yaḥ siddhān kruddhāḥ ca api śapanti yam
unmādyati saḥ tu kṣipram jñeyaḥ siddhagrahaḥ tu saḥ

48. The person who despises perfected beings (siddhas), and whom angry perfected beings also curse, quickly goes mad. He should indeed be known as possessed by a siddha.

Words meanings summery:

• अवमन्यति (avamanyati) - despises, disregards, disrespects

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which

• सिद्धान् (siddhān) - perfected ones, adepts, accomplished beings

• क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - angry, enraged, wrathful

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

• शपन्ति (śapanti) - curse, imprecate, revile

• यम् (yam) - whom, which (person)

• उन्माद्यति (unmādyati) - goes mad, becomes insane, raves

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

• क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

• ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ) - to be known, knowable, ought to be known

• सिद्धग्रहः (siddhagrahaḥ) - seizure by a perfected being, possession by a siddha

• तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

Words meanings and morphology

अवमन्यति (avamanyati) - despises, disregards, disrespects

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of avaman

Present Tense, Active Voice

Derived from root man (class 4) with the prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: man (class 4)

यः (yaḥ) - who, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

सिद्धान् (siddhān) - perfected ones, adepts, accomplished beings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of siddha

siddha - accomplished, perfected, successful, adept, a perfected being (often semi-divine)

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sidh (class 4) with the kta suffix, used here as a noun

Root: sidh (class 4)

क्रुद्धाः (kruddhāḥ) - angry, enraged, wrathful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kruddha

kruddha - angry, enraged, wrathful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root krudh (class 4) with the kta suffix

Root: krudh (class 4)

Note: Modifies the implied 'siddhāḥ' (perfected beings).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis ('even').

शपन्ति (śapanti) - curse, imprecate, revile

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of śap

Present Tense, Active Voice

Derived from root śap (class 1)

Root: śap (class 1)

Note: Subject is 'kruddhāḥ' (the angry ones).

यम् (yam) - whom, which (person)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Corresponds to 'yaḥ' and refers to the person who despises siddhas.

उन्माद्यति (unmādyati) - goes mad, becomes insane, raves

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of unmād

Present Tense, Active Voice

Derived from root mad (class 4) with the prefix ut-

Prefix: ut

Root: mad (class 4)

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'naraḥ' implied by 'yaḥ'.

तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis.

क्षिप्रम् (kṣipram) - quickly, swiftly, immediately

(indeclinable)

Note: Used adverbially (accusative singular neuter of the adjective).

ज्ञेयः (jñeyaḥ) - to be known, knowable, ought to be known

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jñeya

jñeya - to be known, knowable, ought to be known, comprehensible

Gerundive or Future Passive Participle

Derived from root jñā (class 9) with the ṇyat suffix

Root: jñā (class 9)

सिद्धग्रहः (siddhagrahaḥ) - seizure by a perfected being, possession by a siddha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of siddhagraha

siddhagraha - possession by a perfected being or adept

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (siddha+graha)

• siddha – perfected, adept, a perfected being
  noun (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root sidh (class 4) with the kta suffix
  Root: sidh (class 4)
• graha – seizing, gripping, holding, an evil spirit, possession
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root grah (class 9) 'to seize'
  Root: grah (class 9)

तु (tu) - indeed, but, yet

(indeclinable)

Note: Adds emphasis.

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the 'naraḥ'.