महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-219, verse-22

स्कन्द उवाच ।
यावत्षोडश वर्षाणि भवन्ति तरुणाः प्रजाः ।
प्रबाधत मनुष्याणां तावद्रूपैः पृथग्विधैः ॥२२॥

22. skanda uvāca ,
yāvatṣoḍaśa varṣāṇi bhavanti taruṇāḥ prajāḥ ,
prabādhata manuṣyāṇāṁ tāvadrūpaiḥ pṛthagvidhaiḥ.

22. skanda uvāca yāvat ṣoḍaśa varṣāṇi bhavanti taruṇāḥ
prajāḥ prabādhata manuṣyāṇām tāvat rūpaiḥ pṛthagvidhaiḥ

22. Skanda said: "For as long as beings are young, up to sixteen years of age, they (the afflictions) trouble humans with various forms."

Words meanings summery:

• स्कन्द (skanda) - Skanda, Kartikeya

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, until

• षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

• वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

• तरुणाः (taruṇāḥ) - young, youthful

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - living beings, people (progeny, offspring, people, creatures)

• प्रबाधत (prabādhata) - they trouble, they afflict

• मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of men

• तावत् (tāvat) - then, correspondingly (so much, so long, then, thus far)

• रूपैः (rūpaiḥ) - by forms, with forms

• पृथग्विधैः (pṛthagvidhaiḥ) - of various kinds, in various ways

Words meanings and morphology

स्कन्द (skanda) - Skanda, Kartikeya

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of skanda

skanda - Skanda, Kartikeya, god of war

Root: skand (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular, root vac, reduplication, irregular perfect stem

Root: vac (class 2)

यावत् (yāvat) - as long as, as far as, until

(indeclinable)

षोडश (ṣoḍaśa) - sixteen

(adjective)

of ṣoḍaśa

ṣoḍaśa - sixteen

Note: Used adjectivally with varṣāṇi.

वर्षाणि (varṣāṇi) - years

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, monsoon

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Also accusative plural. Here, it is likely nominative, as the subject of 'bhavanti'.

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they become, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Present Active

Present 3rd person plural, root bhū, Parasmaipada

Root: bhū (class 1)

तरुणाः (taruṇāḥ) - young, youthful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of taruṇa

taruṇa - young, youthful, fresh

Note: Agrees with prajāḥ.

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - living beings, people (progeny, offspring, people, creatures)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - progeny, offspring, people, subjects, creatures

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Also accusative plural. Here, it is the subject of 'bhavanti'.

प्रबाधत (prabādhata) - they trouble, they afflict

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of prabadh

Present Ātmanepada

Present 3rd person plural, Ātmanepada, root badh with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: badh (class 1)

मनुष्याणाम् (manuṣyāṇām) - of humans, of men

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, person

तावत् (tāvat) - then, correspondingly (so much, so long, then, thus far)

(indeclinable)

Note: Corresponds to 'yāvat'.

रूपैः (rūpaiḥ) - by forms, with forms

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of rūpa

rūpa - form, shape, appearance, beauty

पृथग्विधैः (pṛthagvidhaiḥ) - of various kinds, in various ways

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of pṛthagvidha

pṛthagvidha - of various kinds, different kinds

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pṛthak+vidha)

• pṛthak – separate, distinct, various
  indeclinable
• vidha – kind, sort, type, manner
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with rūpaiḥ.