महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-219, verse-45

ऊर्ध्वं तु षोडशाद्वर्षाद्ये भवन्ति ग्रहा नृणाम् ।
तानहं संप्रवक्ष्यामि नमस्कृत्य महेश्वरम् ॥४५॥

45. ūrdhvaṁ tu ṣoḍaśādvarṣādye bhavanti grahā nṛṇām ,
tānahaṁ saṁpravakṣyāmi namaskṛtya maheśvaram.

45. ūrdhvaṃ tu ṣoḍaśāt varṣāt ye bhavanti grahāḥ nṛṇām
tān ahaṃ saṃpravakṣyāmi namaskṛtya maheśvaram

45. And after the age of sixteen years, I will fully describe those afflictions (graha) that affect human beings, having first saluted the Great Lord (Maheśvara).

Words meanings summery:

• ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - after, beyond (upwards, above, after, beyond)

• तु (tu) - and (but, however, and, moreover)

• षोडशात् (ṣoḍaśāt) - from sixteen (years) (from sixteen)

• वर्षात् (varṣāt) - after the age of year (from year, after a year)

• ये (ye) - those who

• भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they affect (are) (they are, they become, they exist)

• ग्रहाः (grahāḥ) - afflictions (graha) (seizers, capturers, planets, evil spirits, afflictions)

• नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of human beings (of men, to men, for men, to human beings)

• तान् (tān) - those (afflictions) (those (masculine accusative plural))

• अहं (ahaṁ) - I

• संप्रवक्ष्यामि (saṁpravakṣyāmi) - I will fully describe (I will fully declare, I will explain)

• नमस्कृत्य (namaskṛtya) - having saluted (having saluted, having bowed down)

• महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - to the Great Lord (Maheśvara) (to the Great Lord (Śiva))

Words meanings and morphology

ऊर्ध्वं (ūrdhvaṁ) - after, beyond (upwards, above, after, beyond)

(indeclinable)

Accusative singular neuter used adverbially, or an indeclinable derived from the adjective ūrdhva.

तु (tu) - and (but, however, and, moreover)

(indeclinable)

षोडशात् (ṣoḍaśāt) - from sixteen (years) (from sixteen)

(adjective)

Ablative, neuter, singular of ṣoḍaśa

ṣoḍaśa - sixteenth, sixteen

Adjective 'sixteenth' or numeral 'sixteen'. Here used as a numeral.

Note: Refers to the age of 16.

वर्षात् (varṣāt) - after the age of year (from year, after a year)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of varṣa

varṣa - year, rain, cloud

Note: Refers to years.

ये (ye) - those who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

भवन्ति (bhavanti) - they affect (are) (they are, they become, they exist)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √bhū

Present Active

Third person plural present active indicative of √bhū.

Root: bhū (class 1)

ग्रहाः (grahāḥ) - afflictions (graha) (seizers, capturers, planets, evil spirits, afflictions)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of graha

graha - seizing, grasping, capturer, planet, evil spirit, demon, affliction

From root √grah (to seize)

Root: grah (class 9)

नृणाम् (nṛṇām) - of human beings (of men, to men, for men, to human beings)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of nṛ

nṛ - man, person, human being

Note: Modifies grahāḥ, indicating whom the afflictions affect.

तान् (tān) - those (afflictions) (those (masculine accusative plural))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Direct object of saṃpravakṣyāmi. Refers to the grahas mentioned earlier.

अहं (ahaṁ) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

Note: Subject of saṃpravakṣyāmi.

संप्रवक्ष्यामि (saṁpravakṣyāmi) - I will fully describe (I will fully declare, I will explain)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of saṃ-pra-√vac

Future Active

First person singular future active indicative of saṃ-pra-√vac (to speak, declare).

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: vac (class 2)

नमस्कृत्य (namaskṛtya) - having saluted (having saluted, having bowed down)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

Formed from namas (obeisance) and √kṛ (to do, make) with -tya suffix.

Prefix: namas

Root: kṛ (class 8)

महेश्वरम् (maheśvaram) - to the Great Lord (Maheśvara) (to the Great Lord (Śiva))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maheśvara

maheśvara - a great lord, a great ruler, an epithet of Śiva

Compound of mahā (great) and īśvara (lord).

Compound type : karmadharaya (mahā+īśvara)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• īśvara – lord, master, ruler, the Supreme Being
  noun (masculine)
  From root √īś (to own, rule)
  Root: īś (class 2)