महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-154, verse-8

तमब्रवीद्धर्मराजो ह्रियमाणो युधिष्ठिरः ।
धर्मस्ते हीयते मूढ न चैनं समवेक्षसे ॥८॥

8. tamabravīddharmarājo hriyamāṇo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
dharmaste hīyate mūḍha na cainaṁ samavekṣase.

8. tam abravīt dharmarājaḥ hriyamāṇaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
dharmaḥ te hīyate mūḍha na ca enam samavekṣase

8. Yudhishthira, the King of dharma (dharmarāja), while being carried away, said to him: 'O fool, your natural law (dharma) is being violated, and you are not paying attention to this!'

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - to him, him

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

• धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhishthira (King of natural law (dharma))

• ह्रियमाणः (hriyamāṇaḥ) - being carried away, being abducted

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty

• ते (te) - your, to you

• हीयते (hīyate) - is diminishing, is being lost, is neglected

• मूढ (mūḍha) - O fool, O deluded one

• न (na) - not

• च (ca) - and

• एनम् (enam) - this (violation of dharma) (this, him, it)

• समवेक्षसे (samavekṣase) - you observe, you consider, you pay attention

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - to him, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bru

Imperfect tense, active voice

Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd person singular, active voice of 'bru'

Root: bru (class 2)

धर्मराजः (dharmarājaḥ) - King Yudhishthira (King of natural law (dharma))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of righteousness, king of justice, King Yama

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• rāja – king, ruler, prince
  noun (masculine)

ह्रियमाणः (hriyamāṇaḥ) - being carried away, being abducted

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of hriyamāṇa

hriyamāṇa - being carried, being taken, being stolen

Present Passive Participle

Present Passive Participle of root 'hṛ' (to carry, to take)

Root: hṛ (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - Yudhishthira

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava, meaning 'steady in battle')

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

ते (te) - your, to you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you (singular)

हीयते (hīyate) - is diminishing, is being lost, is neglected

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of hī

Present tense, passive voice

Present (Laṭ), 3rd person singular, passive voice of 'hā' (which becomes 'hī')

Root: hā (class 3)

मूढ (mūḍha) - O fool, O deluded one

(adjective)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mūḍha

mūḍha - foolish, stupid, deluded, confused

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of root 'muh' (to be bewildered)

Root: muh (class 4)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - this (violation of dharma) (this, him, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one, he, she, it

समवेक्षसे (samavekṣase) - you observe, you consider, you pay attention

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of samavekṣ

Present tense, middle voice, with prefixes 'sam-' and 'ava-'

Present (Laṭ), 2nd person singular, middle voice of 'īkṣ' with 'sam-' and 'ava-'

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)