महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-154, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्तान्परिविश्वस्तान्वसतस्तत्र पाण्डवान् ।
गतेषु तेषु रक्षःसु भीमसेनात्मजेऽपि च ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tatastānpariviśvastānvasatastatra pāṇḍavān ,
gateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu bhīmasenātmaje'pi ca.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca tataḥ tān pariviśvastān vasataḥ tatra
pāṇḍavān gateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu bhīmasenātmaje api ca

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, while the Pāṇḍavas, having become completely confident, were residing there, and after those rakṣasas and also Bhīmasena's son had departed...

1. וַישַׁמְפָּאיַנַה אמר, בני פָּאנְדוּ התגוררו שם בביטחון, והרָאקְשַׁסִים הלכו, וגם בנו של בְּהִימַסֵנַה (גְהַטוֹטְקַצ׳ַה) הלך,

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• तान् (tān) - those

• परिविश्वस्तान् (pariviśvastān) - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - residing, dwelling

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had gone, departed

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those

• रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - among the rakṣasas, in the rakṣasas

• भीमसेनात्मजे (bhīmasenātmaje) - when Ghaṭotkaca (Bhīmasena's son) had departed (of Bhīmasena's son)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Patronymic from Viśampāyana.

Note: The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Root 'vac' (to speak), perfect 3rd singular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'vaiśampāyana'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a sequence of events.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'pāṇḍavān'.

परिविश्वस्तान् (pariviśvastān) - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pariviśvasta

pariviśvasta - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śvas' (to trust) with upasargas 'pari-' (around, completely) and 'vi-' (apart, thoroughly).

Prefixes: pari+vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

वसतः (vasataḥ) - residing, dwelling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - residing, dwelling, living

Present Active Participle

From root 'vas' (to dwell).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the location where the Pāṇḍavas were residing.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: The five sons of Pāṇḍu.

गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, with 'teṣu rakṣaḥsu'.

तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rakṣaḥsu'.

रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - among the rakṣasas, in the rakṣasas

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - rakṣas (a class of mythological beings, often hostile, demons or genii)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, indicating 'when the rakṣasas had gone'.

भीमसेनात्मजे (bhīmasenātmaje) - when Ghaṭotkaca (Bhīmasena's son) had departed (of Bhīmasena's son)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīmasenātmaja

bhīmasenātmaja - son of Bhīmasena

Tatpurusha compound: 'ātmaja' (son) of 'Bhīmasena'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+ātmaja)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'ja' (born) of 'ātman' (self).

Note: Refers to Ghaṭotkaca, son of Bhīmasena. Part of a locative absolute construction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that 'Bhīmasena's son *also* departed'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two locative absolute clauses.

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