महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-154, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
ततस्तान्परिविश्वस्तान्वसतस्तत्र पाण्डवान् ।
गतेषु तेषु रक्षःसु भीमसेनात्मजेऽपि च ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
tatastānpariviśvastānvasatastatra pāṇḍavān ,
gateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu bhīmasenātmaje'pi ca.

1. vaiśampāyana uvāca tataḥ tān pariviśvastān vasataḥ tatra
pāṇḍavān gateṣu teṣu rakṣaḥsu bhīmasenātmaje api ca

1. Vaiśampāyana said: Then, while the Pāṇḍavas, having become completely confident, were residing there, and after those rakṣasas and also Bhīmasena's son had departed...

Words meanings summery:

• वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

• तान् (tān) - those

• परिविश्वस्तान् (pariviśvastān) - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

• वसतः (vasataḥ) - residing, dwelling

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had gone, departed

• तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those

• रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - among the rakṣasas, in the rakṣasas

• भीमसेनात्मजे (bhīmasenātmaje) - when Ghaṭotkaca (Bhīmasena's son) had departed (of Bhīmasena's son)

• अपि (api) - also, even

• च (ca) - and

Words meanings and morphology

वैशम्पायन (vaiśampāyana) - Vaiśampāyana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśampāyana

vaiśampāyana - Vaiśampāyana (name of a sage, disciple of Vyāsa, narrator of the Mahābhārata)

Patronymic from Viśampāyana.

Note: The narrator of the Mahabharata to Janamejaya.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense

Root 'vac' (to speak), perfect 3rd singular form.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The subject is 'vaiśampāyana'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

Note: Indicates a sequence of events.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'pāṇḍavān'.

परिविश्वस्तान् (pariviśvastān) - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pariviśvasta

pariviśvasta - completely confident, very trusting, fully assured

Past Passive Participle

From root 'śvas' (to trust) with upasargas 'pari-' (around, completely) and 'vi-' (apart, thoroughly).

Prefixes: pari+vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

वसतः (vasataḥ) - residing, dwelling

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vasat

vasat - residing, dwelling, living

Present Active Participle

From root 'vas' (to dwell).

Root: vas (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'pāṇḍavān'.

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the location where the Pāṇḍavas were residing.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

Note: The five sons of Pāṇḍu.

गतेषु (gateṣu) - when they had gone, departed

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, plural of gata

gata - gone, departed, arrived at, obtained

Past Passive Participle

From the root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, with 'teṣu rakṣaḥsu'.

तेषु (teṣu) - in those, among those

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'rakṣaḥsu'.

रक्षःसु (rakṣaḥsu) - among the rakṣasas, in the rakṣasas

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rakṣas

rakṣas - rakṣas (a class of mythological beings, often hostile, demons or genii)

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute construction, indicating 'when the rakṣasas had gone'.

भीमसेनात्मजे (bhīmasenātmaje) - when Ghaṭotkaca (Bhīmasena's son) had departed (of Bhīmasena's son)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of bhīmasenātmaja

bhīmasenātmaja - son of Bhīmasena

Tatpurusha compound: 'ātmaja' (son) of 'Bhīmasena'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhīmasena+ātmaja)

• bhīmasena – Bhīmasena (name of one of the Pāṇḍavas)
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpurusha compound: 'ja' (born) of 'ātman' (self).

Note: Refers to Ghaṭotkaca, son of Bhīmasena. Part of a locative absolute construction.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes that 'Bhīmasena's son *also* departed'.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two locative absolute clauses.