महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-154, verse-4

परीक्षमाणः पार्थानां कलापानि धनूंषि च ।
अन्तरं समभिप्रेप्सुर्नाम्ना ख्यातो जटासुरः ॥४॥

4. parīkṣamāṇaḥ pārthānāṁ kalāpāni dhanūṁṣi ca ,
antaraṁ samabhiprepsurnāmnā khyāto jaṭāsuraḥ.

4. parīkṣamāṇaḥ pārthānām kalāpāni dhanūṃṣi ca
antaram samabhiprepsuḥ nāmnā khyātaḥ jaṭāsuraḥ

4. This was Jaṭāsura by name, who was observing the Pārthas' quivers and bows, intending to seize an opportunity (antara) to strike.

Words meanings summery:

• परीक्षमाणः (parīkṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, examining, watching carefully

• पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas, of the sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī

• कलापानि (kalāpāni) - quivers, bundles (of arrows)

• धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

• च (ca) - and

• अन्तरम् (antaram) - an opportune moment or weakness (opportunity, weak point, interval)

• समभिप्रेप्सुः (samabhiprepsuḥ) - desiring to obtain, wishing to seize, seeking to gain

• नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name of

• ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, called, famous

• जटासुरः (jaṭāsuraḥ) - Jaṭāsura (a demon's name)

Words meanings and morphology

परीक्षमाणः (parīkṣamāṇaḥ) - observing, examining, watching carefully

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of √īkṣ

√īkṣ - to see, look, perceive, examine

Present Middle Participle

Derived from root √īkṣ with upasarga pari-. ṃāna suffix for middle voice.

Prefix: pari

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

पार्थानाम् (pārthānām) - of the Pārthas, of the sons of Pṛthā/Kuntī

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name given to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīma, Arjuna

Patronymic from Pṛthā (Kuntī).

Note: Possession of quivers and bows.

कलापानि (kalāpāni) - quivers, bundles (of arrows)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of kalāpa

kalāpa - quiver, bundle, collection, peacock's tail

Note: Object of observation.

धनूंषि (dhanūṁṣi) - bows

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of dhanus

dhanus - bow, arc

Note: Object of observation.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अन्तरम् (antaram) - an opportune moment or weakness (opportunity, weak point, interval)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, interior, difference, opportunity, vulnerable point

Note: Object of 'samabhiprepsuḥ'.

समभिप्रेप्सुः (samabhiprepsuḥ) - desiring to obtain, wishing to seize, seeking to gain

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of √āp

√āp - to obtain, reach, attain

Desiderative Active Participle

Derived from root √āp with upasargas sam- and abhi- and pra-, plus desiderative suffix -sa + u-stem participle.

Prefixes: sam+abhi+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: The subject is Jaṭāsura.

नाम्ना (nāmnā) - by name, by the name of

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

ख्यातः (khyātaḥ) - known, called, famous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of khyāta

khyāta - known, famous, called, named

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root √khyā 'to be called, known'.

Root: khyā (class 2)

जटासुरः (jaṭāsuraḥ) - Jaṭāsura (a demon's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭāsura

jaṭāsura - Jaṭāsura (demon's name, 'Jaṭā' meaning matted hair, 'asura' meaning demon)

Compound type : karmadharaya (jaṭā+asura)

• jaṭā – matted hair, tangled locks
  noun (feminine)
• asura – demon, evil being
  noun (masculine)
  Root: as (class 4)