महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-154, verse-50

आविध्याविध्य तौ वृक्षान्मुहूर्तमितरेतरम् ।
ताडयामासतुरुभौ विनदन्तौ मुहुर्मुहुः ॥५०॥

50. āvidhyāvidhya tau vṛkṣānmuhūrtamitaretaram ,
tāḍayāmāsaturubhau vinadantau muhurmuhuḥ.

50. āvīdhyāvīdhya tau vṛkṣān muhūrtam itaretaram
tāḍayāmāsatuḥ ubhau vinadantau muhurmuhuḥ

50. Repeatedly uprooting trees, those two struck each other for a while. Both of them roared again and again.

Words meanings summery:

• आवीध्यावीध्य (āvīdhyāvīdhya) - repeatedly striking, repeatedly uprooting

• तौ (tau) - those two

• वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

• मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short while

• इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

• ताडयामासतुः (tāḍayāmāsatuḥ) - they struck, they beat

• उभौ (ubhau) - both of them

• विनदन्तौ (vinadantau) - roaring, shouting

• मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

Words meanings and morphology

आवीध्यावीध्य (āvīdhyāvīdhya) - repeatedly striking, repeatedly uprooting

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From verb root 'vyadh' (to pierce, strike) with prefix 'ā', forming an absolutive, then reduplicated for emphasis or repetition.

Prefix: ā

Root: vyadh (class 4)

तौ (tau) - those two

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Refers to the two combatants.

वृक्षान् (vṛkṣān) - trees

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛkṣa

vṛkṣa - tree

Note: Object of the action 'uprooting' and 'striking'.

मुहूर्तम् (muhūrtam) - for a moment, for a short while

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of muhūrta

muhūrta - moment, short while, period of time

Note: Used adverbially to indicate duration.

इतरेतरम् (itaretaram) - each other, mutually

(indeclinable)

From the repetition of 'itara' (other).

ताडयामासतुः (tāḍayāmāsatuḥ) - they struck, they beat

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (Lit) of tāḍ

Perfect (Lit)

Periphrastic perfect form from the causative verb 'tāḍ' (from 'taḍ' class 1P/10U) using the auxiliary 'āmāsa'.

Root: taḍ (class 1)

उभौ (ubhau) - both of them

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of ubha

ubha - both

Note: Refers to the two combatants.

विनदन्तौ (vinadantau) - roaring, shouting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, dual of vinadat

vinadat - roaring, shouting, making a loud noise

Present Active Participle

From verb root 'nad' (to roar, sound) with prefix 'vi', forming a present active participle.

Prefix: vi

Root: nad (class 1)

मुहुर्मुहुः (muhurmuhuḥ) - again and again, repeatedly

(indeclinable)

Reduplication of 'muhus' (again) for emphasis.